Microengineered physiological biomimicry: Organs-on-Chips
Microengineered physiological biomimicry: Organs-on-Chips
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DOI：
10.1039/c2lc40089h
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发表时间：
2012-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
6.1
通讯作者：
Ingber, Donald E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Huh, Dongeun;Torisawa, Yu-suke;Ingber, Donald E.
微尺度工程技术提供了前所未有的机会，创造细胞培养的微环境，超越目前的三维体外模型，通过重现关键的组织-组织界面，时空化学梯度，和动态力学微环境的活器官。在这里，我们回顾了过去两年来在这一领域取得的最新进展，这些进展集中在“器官芯片”的发展上，其中活细胞在微流体装置内培养，这些微流体装置经过微工程改造以重建在活器官中观察到的组织排列，以研究器官特异性背景下的生理学，并开发专门的体外疾病模型。我们讨论了器官芯片作为传统细胞培养模型和动物试验的替代品在制药和毒理学应用中的潜力。我们还探讨了未来的挑战，如果这个领域是履行其承诺，改变药物开发和化学品安全测试的未来。
Microscale engineering technologies provide unprecedented opportunities to create cell culture microenvironments that go beyond current three-dimensional in vitro models by recapitulating the critical tissue-tissue interfaces, spatiotemporal chemical gradients, and dynamic mechanical microenvironments of living organs. Here we review recent advances in this field made over the past two years that are focused on the development of 'Organs-on-Chips' in which living cells are cultured within microfluidic devices that have been microengineered to reconstitute tissue arrangements observed in living organs in order to study physiology in an organ-specific context and to develop specialized in vitro disease models. We discuss the potential of organs-on-chips as alternatives to conventional cell culture models and animal testing for pharmaceutical and toxicology applications. We also explore challenges that lie ahead if this field is to fulfil its promise to transform the future of drug development and chemical safety testing.