Exploring molecular motors and switches at the single-molecule level
Exploring molecular motors and switches at the single-molecule level
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DOI：
10.1002/jemt.20126
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发表时间：
2004-11-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Pavone, FS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Capitanio, M;Vanzi, F;Pavone, FS
在过去十年中，单分子技术推动了大量的生物物理研究。从相对简单的视频显微镜技术到复杂的操作和检测设备，单分子技术能够跟踪单个酶单位的运动和反应轨迹。通过观察附着在生物分子上的微球，可以跟踪分子马达的运动，或者检测由调节蛋白诱导的构象“转换”。光学镊子等微操作工具已被广泛应用于了解线性分子马达的机制，并允许测量几种马达蛋白（包括肌球蛋白、驱动蛋白和动力蛋白）产生的基本步骤和力。基于磁或光“扳手”的新实验分析能够应用和检测旋转电机和生物聚合物上的扭矩，这在该领域开辟了新的可能性。在这里，建立和新兴的磁光操纵和视频跟踪技术进行审查，在单分子马达和调节蛋白质的研究的角度。(C)2005年威利-利斯。Inc.
Single-molecule techniques have propelled an impressive number of biophysical studies during the last decade. From relatively simple video-microscopy techniques, to sophisticated manipulation and detection apparata, single-molecule techniques are capable of tracking the movements and the reaction trajectories of single enzymatic units. By observing microspheres attached to biomolecules it is possible to follow the motion of molecular motors, or to detect conformational "switching" induced by regulatory proteins. Micromanipulation tools like optical tweezers have been widely applied to understand the mechanisms of linear molecular motors, and have allowed the measurement of the elementary steps and the forces produced by several motor proteins, including myosin, kinesin, and dynein. New experimental assays based on magnetic or optical "wrenches," which are able to apply and detect torques on rotary motors and biopolymers, are opening new possibilities in this field. Here, established and emerging magneto-optical manipulation and video-tracking techniques are reviewed, in the perspective of single molecular motors and regulatory proteins studies. (C) 2005 Wiley-Liss. Inc.