Developing a Database of Structural Racism-Related State Laws for Health Equity Research and Practice in the United States
Developing a Database of Structural Racism-Related State Laws for Health Equity Research and Practice in the United States
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DOI：
10.1177/0033354920984168
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发表时间：
2021-02-22
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Bryn Austin, S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Agenor, Madina;Perkins, Carly;Bryn Austin, S.
虽然美国州法律塑造了人口健康和健康公平，但很少有研究研究州法律如何影响边缘化种族/民族群体(如黑人、土著和拉丁裔人口)的健康和种族/民族健康不平等。一组在种族平等方面有专长的公共卫生研究人员和法律学者使用系统的政策监测方法，开发了一个与结构性种族主义明确或隐性相关的州法律的综合数据库，目的是评估它们对边缘化种族/民族群体健康结果的影响。方法法律学者使用一手和二手资料，确定了与结构性种族主义有关的10个法律领域的州法律，并开发了一种编码方案，使用随机选择的州的子集，为每项法律的每个显著特征分配一个代表相互排斥的类别的数字代码。从2010年到2013年，法律学者系统地将这种编码方案应用于美国所有50个州和哥伦比亚特区的法律。结果我们确定了843部与结构性种族主义有关的州法律。从2010年到2013年，大多数州都制定了不成比例地歧视被边缘化的种族/民族群体的法律，并且从2010年到2013年没有颁布法律，防止被边缘化的种族/民族人口的个人受到不公正的对待。结论通过提供所有50个州和哥伦比亚特区一段时间内与种族主义相关的结构性州法律的全面、详细的数据，我们的数据库将为公共卫生研究人员、社会科学家、政策制定者和倡导者提供严格的证据，以评估各州的种族公平氛围，评估和解决它们对美国种族/民族健康不平等的影响。
ObjectivesAlthough US state laws shape population health and health equity, few studies have examined how state laws affect the health of marginalized racial/ethnic groups (eg, Black, Indigenous, and Latinx populations) and racial/ethnic health inequities. A team of public health researchers and legal scholars with expertise in racial equity used systematic policy surveillance methods to develop a comprehensive database of state laws that are explicitly or implicitly related to structural racism, with the goal of evaluating their effect on health outcomes among marginalized racial/ethnic groups.MethodsLegal scholars used primary and secondary sources to identify state laws related to structural racism pertaining to 10 legal domains and developed a coding scheme that assigned a numeric code representing a mutually exclusive category for each salient feature of each law using a subset of randomly selected states. Legal scholars systematically applied this coding scheme to laws in all 50 US states and the District of Columbia from 2010 through 2013.ResultsWe identified 843 state laws linked to structural racism. Most states had in place laws that disproportionately discriminate against marginalized racial/ethnic groups and had not enacted laws that prevent the unjust treatment of individuals from marginalized racial/ethnic populations from 2010 to 2013.ConclusionsBy providing comprehensive, detailed data on structural racism-related state laws in all 50 states and the District of Columbia over time, our database will provide public health researchers, social scientists, policy makers, and advocates with rigorous evidence to assess states' racial equity climates and evaluate and address their effect on racial/ethnic health inequities in the United States.