BRCA2 suppresses replication stress-induced mitotic and G1 abnormalities through homologous recombination.

BRCA2 suppresses replication stress-induced mitotic and G1 abnormalities through homologous recombination.
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DOI:
10.1038/s41467-017-00634-0
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发表时间:
2017-09-13
影响因子:
16.6
通讯作者:
Jasin M
Jasin M
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Feng W;Jasin M

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肿瘤抑制因子BRCA 2的突变主要易患乳腺癌。奇怪的是,虽然BRCA 2的缺失促进了肿瘤的形成,但它也导致了细胞的致命性,尽管致命性是如何触发的尚不清楚。在这里,我们使用CRISPR-Cas9产生BRCA 2条件性非转化的人乳腺上皮细胞系。细胞在BRCA 2丢失后不能存活,这导致与复制不足相关的复制应激,导致有丝分裂异常,在随后的G1期形成53 BP 1核体,以及G1停滞。出乎其他系统意料的是,BRCA 2在同源重组中的作用,而不是在停滞的复制叉保护中的作用,主要与支持人乳腺上皮细胞活力有关,此外,还与预防复制应激有关,复制应激是癌前病变的标志。因此,我们发现了一个DNA复制-53 BP 1核小体形成-G1阻滞轴作为同源重组缺陷的意外结果,这会引发细胞致死性,我们提出,作为一个障碍,必须克服肿瘤形成。BRCA 2突变促进肿瘤形成,同时也矛盾地导致细胞死亡。在这里,作者在非转化的人乳腺细胞系中产生了条件性BRCA 2缺失,并观察到由于DNA复制不足而增加的复制应激。
Mutations in the tumor suppressor BRCA2 predominantly predispose to breast cancer. Paradoxically, while loss of BRCA2 promotes tumor formation, it also causes cell lethality, although how lethality is triggered is unclear. Here, we generate BRCA2 conditional non-transformed human mammary epithelial cell lines using CRISPR-Cas9. Cells are inviable upon BRCA2 loss, which leads to replication stress associated with under replication, causing mitotic abnormalities, 53BP1 nuclear body formation in the ensuing G1 phase, and G1 arrest. Unexpected from other systems, the role of BRCA2 in homologous recombination, but not in stalled replication fork protection, is primarily associated with supporting human mammary epithelial cell viability, and, moreover, preventing replication stress, a hallmark of pre-cancerous lesions. Thus, we uncover a DNA under replication-53BP1 nuclear body formation-G1 arrest axis as an unanticipated outcome of homologous recombination deficiency, which triggers cell lethality and, we propose, serves as a barrier that must be overcome for tumor formation. BRCA2 mutations promote tumour formation while also paradoxically causing cell lethality. Here the authors generate conditional BRCA2 loss in a non-transformed human mammary cell line and see increased replication stress due to under-replication of DNA.
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