The role of MeCP2 in brain development and neurodevelopmental disorders.

The role of MeCP2 in brain development and neurodevelopmental disorders.
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DOI:
10.1007/s11920-010-0097-7
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发表时间:
2010-04
影响因子:
6.7
通讯作者:
LaSalle, Janine M.
LaSalle, Janine M.
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Gonzales, Michael L.;LaSalle, Janine M.

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甲基CpG结合蛋白2(Methyl CpG binding protein-2,MeCP 2)是人脑发育过程中重要的表观遗传调节因子。Rett综合征是由X连锁MECP 2基因突变引起的原发性疾病,其特征在于在明显正常的婴儿早期之后出现一段时间的认知下降和手部刻板和癫痫发作。此外,在一系列神经发育障碍中观察到MECP 2突变和重复,包括严重的新生儿脑病,X连锁精神发育迟滞和自闭症,暗示MeCP 2是出生后大脑发育的重要调节因子。在这篇综述中,我们比较了与MECP 2相关的人类疾病的突变类型和遗传模式。此外,我们总结了目前的理解MeCP 2作为一个中央表观遗传调节活性依赖性突触成熟。由于MeCP 2在多种神经发育障碍的发病机制中起着核心作用,因此对MeCP 2功能和调控途径的持续研究可能会显示出开发广谱治疗的前景。
Methyl CpG binding protein-2 (MeCP2) is an essential epigenetic regulator in human brain development. Rett syndrome, the primary disorder caused by mutations in the X-linked MECP2 gene, is characterized by a period of cognitive decline and development of hand stereotypies and seizures following an apparently normal early infancy. In addition, MECP2 mutations and duplications are observed in a spectrum of neurodevelopmental disorders, including severe neonatal encephalopathy, X-linked mental retardation, and autism, implicating MeCP2 as an essential regulator of postnatal brain development. In this review, we compare the mutation types and inheritance patterns of the human disorders associated with MECP2. In addition, we summarize the current understanding of MeCP2 as a central epigenetic regulator of activity-dependent synaptic maturation. As MeCP2 occupies a central role in the pathogenesis of multiple neurodevelopmental disorders, continued investigation into MeCP2 function and regulatory pathways may show promise for developing broad-spectrum therapies.
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