Antiviral agents active against influenza A viruses.
Antiviral agents active against influenza A viruses.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1038/nrd2175
复制
发表时间：
2006-12
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
De Clercq E
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
De Clercq E
有几种药物可单独或联合用于治疗（预防或治疗）流感大流行。这些药物包括金刚烷衍生物（金刚烷胺）、神经氨酸酶抑制剂（扎那米韦和奥司他韦）、利巴韦林和干扰素。金刚烷胺是第一个显示出抑制流感病毒复制的合成化合物。它阻止H+离子迁移到核内体内的病毒颗粒内部，这是发生脱壳所需的过程。神经氨酸酶抑制剂如奥司他韦和扎那米韦干扰子代流感病毒体从感染宿主细胞表面的释放。这样做，神经氨酸酶抑制剂防止病毒感染新的宿主细胞，从而阻止感染在呼吸道中的传播。利巴韦林靶向细胞酶-肌苷5′-单磷酸脱氢酶，该酶在GTP生物合成和病毒RNA合成中起关键作用，并对人类和禽流感病毒具有活性。除了现有的药物，应加强进一步设计和开发新的抗病毒药物的尝试，无论是基于已知的分子靶点，如神经氨酸酶或病毒脱壳过程，还是基于尚未开发的靶点，如病毒RNA聚合酶。目前人们严重关切的是，如果甲型流感大流行爆发，应采取哪些控制措施。De Clercq讨论了已被证明对甲型流感病毒具有活性的药物的治疗潜力，并描述了针对这些病毒的新兴策略。最近爆发的禽流感A（H5 N1）病毒、其不断扩大的地理分布以及其转移给人类并造成严重感染的能力，使人们对控制禽流感或人流感A大流行的现有措施感到严重关切。为了预防这种流行病，已经提出了几种预防和治疗策略，包括储备抗病毒药物，特别是神经氨酸酶抑制剂奥司他韦（达菲;罗氏）和扎那米韦（瑞乐沙;葛兰素史克）。本文综述了已被证明具有抗甲型流感病毒活性的药物，并讨论了其治疗潜力，还介绍了针对这些病毒的新兴策略。
Several drugs are available that could be used, either alone or in combination, for the treatment (prophylaxis or therapy) of an influenza pandemic. These include adamantan(amin)e derivatives (amantadine), neuraminidase inhibitors (zanamivir and oseltamivir), ribavirin and interferon. Amantadine was the first synthetic compound shown to inhibit influenza-virus replication. It blocks the migration of H+ ions into the interior of the virus particles within endosomes, a process that is needed for uncoating to occur. Neuraminidase inhibitors such as oseltamivir and zanamivir interfere with the release of progeny influenza virions from the surface of infected host cells. In doing so, the neuraminidase inhibitors prevent virus infection of new host cells and thereby halt the spread of infection in the respiratory tract. Ribavirin targets a cellular enzyme — inosine 5′-monophosphate dehydrogenase, which has a key role in the biosynthesis of GTP and viral RNA synthesis — and is active against both human and avian influenza viruses. In addition to the available drugs, attempts to further design and develop new antivirals should be intensified, whether based on known molecular targets, such as the neuraminidase or viral uncoating process, or on as-yet relatively unexplored targets such as viral RNA polymerase. There are currently serious concerns about the control measures that should be taken if a pandemic of influenza A were to strike. De Clercq discusses the therapeutic potential of agents that have been shown to be active against influenza A viruses, and describes emerging strategies for targeting these viruses. The recent outbreaks of avian influenza A (H5N1) virus, its expanding geographic distribution and its ability to transfer to humans and cause severe infection have raised serious concerns about the measures available to control an avian or human pandemic of influenza A. In anticipation of such a pandemic, several preventive and therapeutic strategies have been proposed, including the stockpiling of antiviral drugs, in particular the neuraminidase inhibitors oseltamivir (Tamiflu; Roche) and zanamivir (Relenza; GlaxoSmithKline). This article reviews agents that have been shown to have activity against influenza A viruses and discusses their therapeutic potential, and also describes emerging strategies for targeting these viruses.
登录
查看更多内容
影响因子：
7.3
作者：
Chand, P;Babu, YS;Lin, TH
通讯作者：
Lin, TH
DOI：
10.1038/nrmicro975
发表时间：
2004-09
期刊：
Nature reviews. Microbiology
影响因子：
--
作者：
De Clercq E
通讯作者：
De Clercq E
影响因子：
3.5
作者：
Chand, P;Bantia, S;Babu, YS
通讯作者：
Babu, YS
DOI：
10.1001/jama.295.8.joc60020
发表时间：
2006-02-22
影响因子：
120.7
作者：
Bright, RA;Shay, DK;Klimov, AI
通讯作者：
Klimov, AI
影响因子：
168.9
作者：
Bright, RA;Medina, MJ;Klimov, AI
通讯作者：
Klimov, AI