Biological control of Canada thistle in temperate pastures using high density rotational cattle grazing
Biological control of Canada thistle in temperate pastures using high density rotational cattle grazing
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DOI：
10.1016/j.biocontrol.2005.10.007
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发表时间：
2006-03-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Bork, EW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
De Bruijn, SL;Bork, EW
广泛的研究存在于加拿大蓟[Cirsium arvense（L.）Scop.] (CT)在一年生农田中，但很少有研究探讨CT对牧场和牧场的影响。虽然它是已知的，放牧影响杂草的存在和丰度，很少有人知道如何特定的放牧系统可以作为一个规范性的工具来改变杂草种群，包括CT。本研究的目的是实验测试三种放牧制度，包括（1）连续或季节性放牧（SL），（2）短时间（SD）（或低强度-高频率）轮牧，（3）高强度-低频率（HILF）轮牧，其能力，以减少CT和释放非CT牧草在加拿大中部阿尔伯塔的永久牧场。第二个目标是评估整个生长季节CT拍摄的质量变化作为潜在的饲料。结果表明，SL放牧维持或增加了严重的CT感染，降低牧草产量。与此相反，HILF旋转系统减少CT拍摄密度和生物量，以及开花，并导致更大的杂草抑制比SID系统。在2-3年内每年进行两次强烈落叶几乎消除了CT茎。剩余的CT拍摄也主要是营养和更大的HILF放牧下的饲料质量。作为CT的杂草生物控制工具，规定放牧与HILF系统可能是特别重要的疾病地区，其他控制方案，包括使用除草剂，是不可能的，由于环境限制或无法获得设备。(c)2005年爱思唯尔公司All rights reserved.
Extensive research exists on the effects of Canada thistle [Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop.] (CT) in annual cropland, but few Studies have examined CT impacts on pasture and rangeland. While it is known that grazing impacts weed presence and abundance, little is understood about how specific grazing systems can be used as a prescriptive tool to alter weed populations, including CT. The purpose of this study was to experimentally test three cattle grazing systems, including (1) continuous or season-long grazing (SL), (2) short duration (SD) (or low intensity-high frequency) rotational grazing, and (3) high intensity-low frequency (HILF) rotational grazing, for their ability to reduce CT and release non-CT herbage within permanent pastures of central Alberta, Canada. A secondary objective was to evaluate season-long changes in the quality of CT shoots as potential forage throughout the growing season. Results showed that SL grazing maintained or increased severe CT infestations and reduced forage yield. In contrast, the HILF rotational system reduced CT shoot density and biomass, as well as flowering, and resulted in greater weed suppression than the SID system. Two intense defoliations annually over 2-3 years nearly eliminated CT stems. Remaining CT shoots were also primarily vegetative and greater in forage quality under HILF grazing. As a weed biological control tool for CT, prescribed grazing with an HILF system may be particularly important ill areas where other control options, including the use of herbicides, are not possible due to environmental restrictions or inaccessibility to equipment. (c) 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.