Small effects of family size on sociality despite strong kin preferences in female bottlenose dolphins
Small effects of family size on sociality despite strong kin preferences in female bottlenose dolphins
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DOI：
10.1016/j.anbehav.2022.10.011
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发表时间：
2022-11-28
期刊：
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Mann, Janet
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Foroughirad, Vivienne;Frere, Celine H.;Mann, Janet
个体社会关系的数量和质量是群居物种社会结构的一个基本特征。在许多物种中，个体倾向于与近亲交往，这可以通过包容性适应放大社会利益。然而，生殖变异、分散和其他因素可能会影响相对亲缘关系的有效性，特别是对于生活史缓慢的物种。因此，家庭规模的差异会影响个人的社会融合。在这里，我们调查了家庭规模对澳大利亚鲨鱼湾印度太平洋宽吻海豚种群雌性社会性的影响，Tursiops aduncus。这个种群表现出高度的分裂融合动态，雌性在群居性方面差异很大，两性都保持着博爱性，为雌性提供了母系和非母系亲属作为潜在的伴侣。我们使用了来自大型单核苷酸多态性（SNP）面板的遗传相关性数据和空间显式零模型来测量雌性与相关和非相关个体形成隶属关系的倾向。我们发现，与非亲属相比，女性对母系近亲（第一、第二和第三度）有强烈的社会偏好，但对非母系近亲和更远的亲属也有明显的偏好。尽管有这些偏好，我们发现亲缘关系对个人社会地位的影响很小。更强和更一致的影响归因于个体觅食生态，尽管许多变化仍然无法解释。总的来说，我们的模型表明，虽然雌性海豚有强烈的亲属偏好，但它们的社会联系不是由家庭规模决定的；相反，个体的觅食策略和高度的裂变融合动态使得不同的社会策略能够在一个种群中共存。(c) 2022动物行为研究协会。Elsevier Ltd.出版。版权所有。
The quantity and quality of individual social relationships is a fundamental feature of social structure for group-living species. In many species, individuals preferentially associate with close relatives, which can amplify social benefits through inclusive fitness. Reproductive variation, dispersal and other factors may nevertheless impact relative kin availability, especially for species with slow life histories. As such, variation in family size can affect the social integration of the individual. Here, we investigated the effects of family size on female sociality in a population of Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphins, Tursiops aduncus, in Shark Bay, Australia. This population exhibits high fission-fusion dynamics, with females varying widely in gregariousness and both sexes remaining philopatric, providing females with both matrilineal and nonmatrilineal kin as potential associates. We used genetic relatedness data obtained from a large single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) panel and a spatially explicit null model to measure females' pro-pensities to form affiliations with both related and unrelated individuals. We found that females had strong social preferences for matrilineal close (first, second and third degree) kin, but also significant preferences for nonmatrilineal close and more distant kin compared to unrelated individuals. Despite these preferences, we found only small effects of kin availability on individual social position. Stronger and more consistent effects were attributable to individual foraging ecology, although much of the variation remains unexplained. Overall, our models suggest that while female dolphins have strong kin preferences, their social connectivity is not determined by family size; rather, individual foraging stra-tegies and high fission-fusion dynamics enable a diverse repertoire of social strategies to coexist within a population.(c) 2022 The Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.