Regulation of floral initiation in horticultural trees.
Regulation of floral initiation in horticultural trees.
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DOI：
10.1093/jxb/ern188
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发表时间：
2008-09
影响因子：
6.9
通讯作者：
J. Wilkie;M. Sedgley;T. Olesen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Wilkie;M. Sedgley;T. Olesen
本文对园艺树木的成花过程进行了综述。草本植物的成花分化是最好的研究对象，特别是在分子水平上，因此简要综述了拟南芥（Arabidopsis thaliana（L.）Heynh.）先来谈谈树。拟南芥开花的四个主要途径是光周期和温度的环境诱导、自主开花和赤霉素的调控。热带树木一般是通过环境线索诱导开花，而温带落叶树木的花的启动往往是自主的。在热带万年青树芒果中，凉爽的温度是唯一已知的诱导开花的因素，但并不能确保花的发生，因为与营养生长有重要的相互作用。温带落叶树苹果，Malus arteritica Borkh.，花自主，花的启动依赖于营养发展方面的生长季节开花前，虽然在一般树木的花的启动：环境的影响，与营养生长的相互作用，植物生长调节剂和碳水化合物的作用，以及分子生物学的最新进展，进行了讨论。
The intention of this review is to discuss floral initiation of horticultural trees. Floral initiation is best understood for herbaceous species, especially at the molecular level, so a brief overview of the control of floral initiation of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh.) precedes the discussion of trees. Four major pathways to flowering have been characterized in Arabidopsis, including environmental induction through photoperiod and temperature, autonomous floral initiation, and regulation by gibberellins. Tropical trees are generally induced to flower through environmental cues, whereas floral initiation of temperate deciduous trees is often autonomous. In the tropical evergreen tree mango, Mangifera indica L., cool temperature is the only factor known to induce flowering, but does not ensure floral initiation will occur because there are important interactions with vegetative growth. The temperate deciduous tree apple, Malus domestica Borkh., flowers autonomously, with floral initiation dependent on aspects of vegetative development in the growing season before anthesis, although with respect to the floral initiation of trees in general: the effect of the environment, interactions with vegetative growth, the roles of plant growth regulators and carbohydrates, and recent advances in molecular biology, are discussed.