How Climate Shapes the Functioning of Tropical Montane Cloud Forests
How Climate Shapes the Functioning of Tropical Montane Cloud Forests
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DOI：
10.1007/s40725-020-00115-6
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发表时间：
2020-05-11
影响因子：
9.5
通讯作者：
Oliveira, Rafael S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Eller, Cleiton B.;Meireles, Leonardo D.;Oliveira, Rafael S.
热带山地云雾林（Tropical mountain Cloud Forest， TMCF）是一种高度脆弱的热带山地生态系统。人们对TMCF植被功能的许多方面知之甚少，这使得量化和预测TMCF对全球变化的脆弱性变得困难。通过收集功能性状数据，对TMCF功能生态学进行综述。我们使用数值模型来了解TMCF功能组成对气候响应的影响，并将TMCF的特征与其环境条件联系起来。最近的发现TMCF叶片体积小，SLA低，但每叶面积Rubisco含量高。这意味着TMCF最大净叶片碳同化（A(n)）很高，但往往受到低温和叶片湿润的限制。云浸泡为TMCF植物提供了重要的水分和潜在的养分输入。TMCF树种具有较低的边材比电导率，这与较低的树高和较高的边材与叶面积比相补偿。与不受云影响的附近森林相比，这些特征与更保守的气孔调节有关，导致更高的水力安全裕度。TMCF树的结构包括其相对较粗的树干和较大的根系，增加了树木的机械稳定性。TMCF的功能特征可以从概念上与其寒冷和多云的环境联系起来，限制了A(n)、生长、水分输送和养分有效性。更热的气候将极大地影响形成TMCF群落的非生物过滤器，并可能促进更多产的低地物种入侵TMCF。
Purpose of Review Tropical Montane Cloud Forest (TMCF) is a highly vulnerable ecosystem, which occurs at higher elevations in tropical mountains. Many aspects of TMCF vegetation functioning are poorly understood, making it difficult to quantify and project TMCF vulnerability to global change. We compile functional traits data to provide an overview of TMCF functional ecology. We use numerical models to understand the consequences of TMCF functional composition with respect to its responses to climate and link the traits of TMCF to its environmental conditions. Recent Findings TMCF leaves are small and have low SLA but high Rubisco content per leaf area. This implies that TMCF maximum net leaf carbon assimilation (A(n)) is high but often limited by low temperature and leaf wetting. Cloud immersion provides important water and potentially nutrient inputs to TMCF plants. TMCF species possess low sapwood specific conductivity, which is compensated with a lower tree height and higher sapwood to leaf area ratio. These traits associated with a more conservative stomatal regulation results in a higher hydraulic safety margin than nearby forests not affected by clouds. The architecture of TMCF trees including its proportionally thicker trunks and large root systems increases tree mechanical stability. The TMCF functional traits can be conceptually linked to its colder and cloudy environment limiting A(n), growth, water transport and nutrient availability. A hotter climate would drastically affect the abiotic filters shaping TMCF communities and potentially facilitate the invasion of TMCF by more productive lowland species.