Immigration as a political issue in Denmark and Sweden
Immigration as a political issue in Denmark and Sweden
复制标题
移民在丹麦和瑞典是一个政治问题
DOI：
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发表时间：
2008
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Jesper Krogstrup
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
C. Green;Jesper Krogstrup
摘要： 对西欧民主国家政党政治和政党竞争的研究都指向多元化。环境、难民和移民或法律和秩序等非经济问题已日益成为政党政治的核心。然而，令人惊讶的是，人们对解释不同时间和国家之间的差异几乎没有兴趣，关于哪些问题实际上成为政党竞争的核心。从稀少的文献中，可以看出两个大致的答案。一是社会层面，关注大众传媒的报道、舆论和政策发展的相关问题。另一个重点是政党竞争本身的结构--更准确地说，是不同政党吸引人们对不同问题的关注的动机。本研究基于对丹麦和瑞典移民问题的研究，强调了后者的重要性。上世纪90年代，丹麦的政党政治对这一问题的关注比瑞典要强烈得多。这可以用两国主流右翼政党不同的战略形势来解释。关注移民问题很容易导致与中右翼，特别是社会自由党的冲突。在瑞典，这样的冲突会破坏主流右翼试图赢得政府权力的努力。在丹麦，20世纪90年代，社会自由党与社会民主党共同执政，这使得主流右翼政党专注于这一问题，以便在激进右翼政党的支持下赢得政府权力。
Abstract. Studies of party politics and party competition in West European democracies all point to diversification. Non-economic issues such as the environment, refugees and immigrants or law and order have become increasingly central to party politics. However, there has been surprisingly little interest in explaining variation across time and countries concerning which issues actually become central to party competition. From the sparse literature, two general answers can be discerned. One is societal, focusing on mass media coverage, public opinion and the development of the policy problems related to the issue. The other focuses on the structure of party competition itself – more precisely on the incentives for different parties in drawing attention to different issues. This study stresses the importance of the latter based on a study of the immigration issue in Denmark and Sweden. Party political attention to this issue in the 1990s has been considerably stronger in Denmark than in Sweden. This can be explained by the different strategic situation of the main stream right-wing parties in the two countries. Focusing on the immigrant issue easily leads to a conflict with the centre-right, especially social liberal parties. In Sweden, such a conflict would undermine mainstream right-wing attempts at winning government power. In Denmark, the Social Liberals governed with the Social Democrats in the 1990s, which made it attractive for the main stream right-wing parties to focus on the issue in order to win government power based on the support of radical right-wing parties.