Revisiting “Empowered Rural Women” in Post-war Japan
Revisiting “Empowered Rural Women” in Post-war Japan
复制标题
重温战后日本的“赋权农村妇女”
DOI：
10.1111/joac.12494
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发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Fumi and Chizu Sato
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Iwashima;Fumi and Chizu Sato
在日本，农村研究和政府政策通常都以同样的方式代表农村妇女：在第二次世界大战前，她们在封建家庭农场制度中受到压迫，在战后，农村民主化政策成功地赋予了她们权力。这项研究重新审视了战后增强农村妇女权能的成功故事，这些故事往往以这些故事为基础。我们研究了一个经常提到的项目，农村生活改善推广服务（RLIES）很少分析的源材料。这份原始材料由参加这个项目的农村妇女所写的文章组成，这个项目是由美国占领军和日本政府在20世纪50年代和60年代实施的，目的是通过对福柯生物权力的女权主义阅读的透镜来代表被赋予权力的农村妇女。我们的分析确定了三个农村妇女的主观类型的文章：新农村妇女，农村专业主妇和农场母亲。通过阐明这些类型化，我们展示了农村妇女如何通过参与围绕她们的不断变化的权力关系来行使意想不到的代理权，即使是在没有问题的庆祝账户的原始材料中。我们的女性主体性研究提供的例子鼓励研究人员更加谨慎地对待简单的庆祝故事的增强农村妇女。
In Japan, both rural studies and government policies commonly represent rural women in the same way: as oppressed within their feudalistic family farm system before the Second World War and as successfully empowered by rural democratization policies after the war. This study revisits the often unproblematized representations of the postwar success story of empowered rural women on which these accounts are frequently based. We examined rarely analysed source material of a project that is frequently referred to, the Rural Life Improvement Extension Service (RLIES). This source material consists of essays written by rural women who participated in this project, which was implemented by the US occupational forces and the Japanese state in the 1950s and 1960s, for representations of empowered rural women through the lens of a feminist reading of Foucault's biopower. Our analysis identified three subjective typifications of rural women in the essays: the New Rural Woman, the Rural Professional Housewife, and the Farm Mother. By illuminating these typifications, we show how—even in the source material of unproblematic celebratory accounts—rural women exercised unexpected agency by engaging in the changing power relations that surrounded them. The example provided by our feminine subjectivity study encourages researchers to be more careful with respect to simple celebratory narratives of empowered rural women.