The creation of three-dimensional finite element models for simulating head impact biomechanics
The creation of three-dimensional finite element models for simulating head impact biomechanics
复制标题
DOI：
10.1533/cras.8.4.353.19278
复制
发表时间：
2003-01-01
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Gilchrist, MD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Horgan, TJ;Gilchrist, MD
建立了一种新的人头复合体三维有限元模型，用于模拟简单行人交通事故的瞬时发生。本文介绍了该模型的发展、特点和验证。在构建模型时，重点考虑了单元质量和网格生成的简易性。因此，创建了该模型的许多变体。该模型在一系列身体撞击试验中得到了验证。采用参数研究(高/低研究)来研究脑和脑脊液的体积和剪切弹性系数的影响。研究了不同的网格密度对模型的影响以及不同的单元格式在颅骨中的应用。结果发现，神经组织的短期剪切模数对颅内额压和预测的Von-Mise反应有显著影响。当使用耦合节点定义对CSF进行建模时，流体的体积模数对反耦合压力有显著影响。据报道，颅压的不同表明了颅骨建模方法的敏感性。通过用一系列不同的有限元模型模拟相同的撞击场景，可以研究模型拓扑结构的影响。我们可以得出结论，如果要预测正确的颅内压分布，就必须对脑脊液(深度/体积)和颅骨厚度(包括皮质/小梁比率)进行仔细的建模，因此需要进一步的验证来提高有限元模型的损伤预测能力。
A new 3 dimensional finite element representation of the human head complex has been constructed for simulating the transient occurrences of simple pedestrian accidents. This paper describes the development, features and validation of that model. When constructing the model, emphasis was placed on element quality and ease of mesh generation. As such, a number of variations of the model were created. The model was validated against a series of cadaveric impact tests. A parametric study (a High/Low study) was performed to investigate the effect of the bulk and shear modulus of the brain and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). The influence of different mesh densities on the models and the use of different element formulations for the skull were also investigated. It was found that the short-term shear modulus of the neural tissue had the predominant effect on intracranial frontal pressure, and on the predicted Von-Mises response. The bulk modulus of the fluid had a significant effect on the contre-coup pressure when the CSF was modelled using a coupled node definition. Differences of intracranial pressure were reported that show the sensitivity of the method by which the skull is modelled. By simulating an identical impact scenario with a range of different finite element models it has been possible to investigate the influence of model topologies. We can conclude that careful modelling of the CSF (depth/volume) and skull thickness (including cortical/trabecular ratio) is necessary if the correct intracranial pressure distribution is to be predicted, and so further forms of validation are required to improve the finite element models' injury prediction capabilities.