Whole-language and item-specific control in bilingual language production.
Whole-language and item-specific control in bilingual language production.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1037/a0032859
复制
发表时间：
2013-05
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Eva Van Assche;W. Duyck;Tamar H. Gollan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Eva Van Assche;W. Duyck;Tamar H. Gollan
本研究探讨了双语语言控制的范围，区分全语言控制，包括控制整个词汇特定的1种语言和词汇水平的控制，只涉及一组有限的最近激活的词汇表征。为此，我们测试了60名荷兰-英语（实验1）和64名中英双语者（实验2）的言语流畅性任务，在该任务中，说话人首先在一种语言中产生字母（或汉语音素）类别的成员，然后在另一种语言中产生（a）相同类别或（B）不同类别的成员。中英双语者也用两种语言命名图片。两个双语组表现出减少主导语言的流畅性后，生产的非主导语言从相同的类别的例子，而非主导语言生产的影响，从相同的类别在其他语言的话事先生产。中-英双语者在不同字母/音素类别上表现出相似的测试顺序效应，而荷-英双语者则不然。此外，在流利性任务的重复类别条件下表现出显著测试顺序效应的汉英双语者在语言转换后命名重复图片时没有表现出这种效应。这些结果表明双语语言产生过程中存在多层次的抑制控制。测试顺序的影响，在言语流畅性任务中，确定了双语控制的词汇位点，和一些双语者的干扰效应的发现，即使在不同类别的跨语言测试进一步意味着一个整体的语言控制过程中，虽然施加这种全球抑制的能力可能只发展为某些类型的双语者。
The current study investigated the scope of bilingual language control differentiating between whole-language control involving control of an entire lexicon specific to 1 language and lexical-level control involving only a restricted set of recently activated lexical representations. To this end, we tested 60 Dutch-English (Experiment 1) and 64 Chinese-English bilinguals (Experiment 2) on a verbal fluency task in which speakers produced members of letter (or phoneme for Chinese) categories first in 1 language and then members of either (a) the same categories or (b) different categories in their other language. Chinese-English bilinguals also named pictures in both languages. Both bilingual groups showed reduced dominant language fluency after producing exemplars from the same categories in the nondominant language, whereas nondominant language production was not influenced by prior production of words from the same categories in the other language. Chinese-English, but not Dutch-English, bilinguals exhibited similar testing order effects for different letter/phoneme categories. In addition, Chinese-English bilinguals who exhibited significant testing order effects in the repeated categories condition of the fluency task exhibited no such effects when naming repeated pictures after a language switch. These results imply multiple levels of inhibitory control in bilingual language production. Testing order effects in the verbal fluency task pinpoint a lexical locus of bilingual control, and the finding of interference effects for some bilinguals even when different categories are tested across languages further implies a whole-language control process, although the ability to exert such global inhibition may only develop for some types of bilinguals.