Like mother, like daughter: Adults’ judgments about genetic inheritance.
Like mother, like daughter: Adults’ judgments about genetic inheritance.
复制标题
有其母必有其女：成年人对基因遗传的判断。
DOI：
10.1037/xap0000436
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发表时间：
2022
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Rosengren, Karl S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Menendez, David;Mathiaparanam, Olympia N.;Seitz, Vienne;Liu, David;Donovan, Andrea Marquardt;Kalish, Charles W.;Alibali, Martha W.;Rosengren, Karl S.
成年人认为遗传是确定性的还是概率性的？成年人在对基因遗传进行推理时会表现出系统性的偏见吗？了解成年人对基因遗传的看法是很有价值的，无论是为了理解这些概念的发展终点，还是为了识别即使在正规教育之后仍然存在的偏见。在两项研究中，我们检查了成年人对熟悉动物(研究1)和陌生动物(研究2)的遗传遗传的推理。首先，参与者被展示了眼睛颜色不同的动物，并被要求判断每一只动物是否可能是一组眼睛颜色相同或不同的特定动物父母的后代。潜在的后代的眼睛颜色要么与父母相同，要么混合了父母的眼睛颜色，要么与父母不同。接下来，参与者预测了六个动物父母的后代会是什么样子。参与者尽可能地判断了各种选择--不仅仅是那些与父母相似的选择--这表明他们认为基因遗传是一个概率过程。此外，许多参与者认为，女性的后代会更像他们的母亲，而男性的后代会更像他们的父亲。因此，关于继承的推理中的系统性偏见一直持续到成年。(保留所有权利)
Do adults think about genetic inheritance as a deterministic or probabilistic process? Do adults display systematic biases when reasoning about genetic inheritance? Knowing how adults think about genetic inheritance is valuable, both for understanding the developmental end point of these concepts and for identifying biases that persist even after formal education. In two studies, we examined adults’ reasoning about genetic inheritance for familiar animals (Study 1) and unfamiliar animals (Study 2). First, participants were presented with animals that varied in eye color and were asked to judge whether each could be the offspring of a particular set of animal parents that had either the same or different eye colors. The potential offspring had eye colors that were either identical to the parents, blended the parents’ eye colors, or differed from the parents. Next, participants predicted how six offspring of the animal parents would look. Participants judged a variety of choices as possible—not only the ones resembling the parents—suggesting that they thought genetic inheritance was a probabilistic process. Additionally, many participants thought that female offspring would look more like their mothers and male offspring would look more like their fathers. Thus, systemic biases in reasoning about inheritance persist into adulthood.(PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved)