Initial-state dependency of learning in young infants
Initial-state dependency of learning in young infants
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DOI：
10.1016/j.humov.2010.07.003
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发表时间：
2011-02-01
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Taga, Gentaro
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Watanabe, Hama;Taga, Gentaro
目的是调查预学习的初始状态对后续婴儿学习的影响（即，初始状态依赖），我们观察了3个月大的婴儿在运动学习任务过程中的肢体运动。该会议包括2毫米的预学习和4分钟的学习期，婴儿学会了移动玩具使用一个字符串连接到一个手臂（手臂为基础的学习，实验1）或腿（腿为基础的学习，实验2）。在初始状态条件下，根据学习前手臂（实验1）或腿部（实验2）运动的平均速度，将婴儿分为低状态组和高状态组。结果表明，在学习期间，低状态组的婴儿增加了他们的肢体运动，而高状态组的婴儿在大多数肢体运动方面没有显着变化。这些结果表明，在初始状态下表现出较低的平均运动速度的婴儿容易观察和学习的自我产生的运动和环境变化之间的循环因果关系。另一方面，在初始状态下表现出高平均运动速度的婴儿似乎不能或不需要增加他们的肢体运动（玩具已经摇晃到足以形成撞击运动）。(C)2010 Elsevier B.V.保留所有权利。
With the aim of investigating the effect of the initial state of pre-learning on subsequent infant learning (i.e., the initial-state dependency), we observed the limb movements in 3-month-old infants in the course of a motor learning task. The session comprised 2-mm pre-learning and 4-min learning periods, and the infants learned to move a toy using a string attached to either an arm (arm-based learning, Experiment 1) or a leg (leg-based learning, Experiment 2). Infants were assigned to low- and high-state groups in the initial-state condition according to the average velocity of the arm (Experiment 1) or leg (Experiment 2) movements during the pre-learning period. The results revealed that, during the learning period, infants in the low-state group increased the movement of their limbs, whereas those in the high-state group showed no significant changes in the movement of most of their limbs. These results suggest that infants demonstrating a low average velocity of movement in the initial state easily observed and learned the circular causality between self-produced movements and environmental changes. On the other hand, it seemed that infants demonstrating a high average velocity of movement in the initial state could not or did not need to increase their limb movements (the toy would already be shaking enough to form striking movements). (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.