European but not European enough: An explanation for Brexit
European but not European enough: An explanation for Brexit
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DOI：
10.1177/1465116518802361
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发表时间：
2019-06-01
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Evans, Geoffrey
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Carl, Noah;Dennison, James;Evans, Geoffrey
迄今为止，大多数关于英国公投脱欧的报道都集中在解释英国内部个人和选区之间的差异。在这篇文章中，我们试图回答一个不同的问题，即“为什么是英国投票离开欧盟，而不是其他成员国？”我们表明，英国长期以来一直是欧盟中最怀疑欧洲的国家之一，我们认为这可以部分解释为英国人相对较弱的欧洲认同感。我们还表明，对英国脱欧投票的现有解释无法解释英国人长期以来的欧洲怀疑主义：英国在不平等/紧缩措施、“全球化输家”和威权价值观方面的得分低于许多其他成员国，其中一些措施甚至与成员国的欧洲怀疑主义无关。此外，我们表明，在英国，民族认同与欧洲怀疑主义之间的正相关关系比大多数其他欧盟国家更强。总的来说，我们得出的结论是，英国人对欧洲认同感的淡薄是英国脱欧公投的一个关键因素。
To date, most accounts of the UK's vote to leave the EU have focussed on explaining variation across individuals and constituencies within the UK. In this article, we attempt to answer a different question, namely 'Why was it the UK that voted to leave, rather than any other member state?'. We show that the UK has long been one of the most Eurosceptic countries in the EU, which we argue can be partly explained by Britons' comparatively weak sense of European identity. We also show that existing explanations of the UK's vote to leave cannot account for Britons' long-standing Euroscepticism: the UK scores lower than many other member states on measures of inequality/austerity, the 'losers of globalisation' and authoritarian values, and some of these measures are not even correlated with Euroscepticism across member states. In addition, we show that the positive association between national identity and Euroscepticism is stronger in the UK than in most other EU countries. Overall, we conclude that Britons' weak sense of European identity was a key contributor to the Brexit vote.