Antiviral therapy in patients with hematologic malignancies, transplantation, and aplastic anemia.
Antiviral therapy in patients with hematologic malignancies, transplantation, and aplastic anemia.
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DOI：
10.1053/j.seminhematol.2009.03.004
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发表时间：
2009-07
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
T. Jancel;S. Penzak
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
T. Jancel;S. Penzak
在过去的二十年里，支持性护理的进步降低了免疫低下患者机会性感染的发病率和死亡率，包括血液系统恶性肿瘤、造血干细胞移植和再生障碍性贫血。尽管抗病毒治疗取得了进展，但在宿主防御能力受损的患者中，机会性病毒感染，如流感、单纯疱疹病毒(HSV)、水痘带状疱疹病毒(VZV)和巨细胞病毒(CMV)仍会导致显著的发病率和死亡率。抗病毒药物是用于治疗和预防免疫受损宿主中的病毒感染的关键抗菌剂。目前，有40多种抗病毒药物获准用于临床，但这些药物大多用于治疗人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)或病毒性肝炎。这篇综述将集中于用于治疗疱疹病毒(HSV、VZV、CMV)、社区获得性呼吸道病毒(流感)和腺病毒的抗病毒药物。用于治疗HIV和病毒性肝炎的抗病毒药物将不在本综述中讨论。
Advances in supportive care over the past two decades have decreased the morbidity and mortality attributed to opportunistic infections in immunocompromised patients, including those with hematologic malignancies, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), and aplastic anemia. Despite advances in antiviral therapy, opportunistic viral infections such as influenza, herpes simplex virus (HSV), varicella zoster virus (VZV), and cytomegalovirus (CMV) still cause significant morbidity and mortality in patients with compromised host defenses. Antiviral agents are key antimicrobials used for treatment and prophylaxis of viral infections in immunocompromised hosts. Currently, there are more than 40 antiviral agents approved for clinical use, but the majority of these agents are for the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) or viral hepatitis. This review will focus on antiviral agents used for the treatment of herpesviruses (HSV, VZV, CMV), community-acquired respiratory viruses (influenza), and adenoviruses. Antiviral agents used for the treatment of HIV and viral hepatitis will not be addressed in this review.