Urban Water Revolution: Sustainable Water Futures for California Cities
Urban Water Revolution: Sustainable Water Futures for California Cities
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DOI：
10.1061/(asce)ee.1943-7870.0001715
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发表时间：
2020-07-01
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Bradshaw, Jonathan L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Luthy, Richard G.;Wolfand, Jordyn M.;Bradshaw, Jonathan L.
加州一直在改变自然水资源，为不断增长的人口提供水，并支持世界第五大经济体。然而，解决加州城市用水需求的旧方法--透支地下水、溪流枯竭和更多的进口--将不再满足21世纪的需求。我们考察了加州的水资源历史，并提出了几个有希望的解决方案，以应对城市水安全的挑战：节约和效率相结合、海水淡化、雨水收集、水再利用和水银行。这些城市水的选择，包括直接饮用水再利用，将帮助加州和其他地方的干旱城市实现更可持续和多样化的供水组合。试点和示范规模的项目，以及系统管理和新法规的创新，为干旱城市提供了更具弹性的供水。区域合作的动向、新技术的实施和新的监管制度正在帮助实现一水愿景。不同的城市将开发适合其地理、价值和城市形态的自己的供水组合选项，以应对本世纪的城市水挑战。
California has consistently altered natural water resources to provide water for its growing population and to support the fifth largest economy in the world. However, the old ways of coping with the California's urban water needs-overdraft of groundwater, stream depletion, and greater imports-will no longer meet the demands of the 21st century. We examine California's water history and present several promising solutions to the challenge of urban water security: a combination of conservation and efficiency, desalination, stormwater capture, water reuse, and water banking. These options for urban water, including direct potable reuse, will help dry cities in California and elsewhere achieve more sustainable and diversified water supply portfolios. Pilot and demonstration-scale projects, along with innovations in systems management and new regulations, point the way toward more resilient water supplies for dry cities. Movement toward regional collaboration, implementation of new technologies, and new regulatory regimes are helping to realize a one-water vision. Different cities will develop their own water supply portfolio options appropriate for their geography, values, and urban form on a path toward meeting the urban water challenges of this century.