Measurement and analysis of household carbon: The case of a UK city
Measurement and analysis of household carbon: The case of a UK city
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DOI：
10.1016/j.apenergy.2015.11.054
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发表时间：
2016-02
期刊：
影响因子：
11.2
通讯作者：
D. Allinson;K. Irvine;J. Edmondson;A. Tiwary;G. Hill;Jonathan D. Morris;M. Bell;Z. Davies;
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
D. Allinson;K. Irvine;J. Edmondson;A. Tiwary;G. Hill;Jonathan D. Morris;M. Bell;Z. Davies;
目前缺乏记录家庭一级碳和排放清单的数据。本文提出了一种多学科，自下而上的方法来估计和分析的碳排放量，和有机碳（OC）储存在花园，使用的样本575个家庭在英国城市。测量了家庭使用能源产生的二氧化碳排放量，通过家庭调查评估了个人交通排放量，并通过土壤采样和植被调查估计了OC储存量。结果表明，总体碳模式是倾斜的，排放量最高的三分之一的家庭负责超过50%的排放量和大约50%的花园OC储存。天然气、电力和个人交通对每个家庭总排放量的相对贡献各不相同，在高、中、低排放家庭中观察到不同的模式。将来自一个来源的碳排放量高的家庭作为目标，并不能可靠地将他们确定为总体高排放者。虽然在花园中种植树木无法抵消碳排放，但花园中储存了大量的有机碳，应该加以保护。使用一级和二级数据相结合，对排放的多种驱动因素进行了探索性分析。这些研究结果将有助于制定有效的政策工具，以打击城市规模的温室气体排放，从国内最终用途的能源需求。
There is currently a lack of data recording the carbon and emissions inventory at household level. This paper presents a multi-disciplinary, bottom-up approach for estimation and analysis of the carbon emissions, and the organic carbon (OC) stored in gardens, using a sample of 575 households across a UK city. The annual emission of carbon dioxide emissions from energy used in the homes was measured, personal transport emissions were assessed through a household survey and OC stores estimated from soil sampling and vegetation surveys. The results showed that overall carbon patterns were skewed with highest emitting third of the households being responsible for more than 50% of the emissions and around 50% of garden OC storage. There was diversity in the relative contribution that gas, electricity and personal transport made to each household’s total and different patterns were observed for high, medium and low emitting households. Targeting households with high carbon emissions from one source would not reliably identify them as high emitters overall. While carbon emissions could not be offset by growing trees in gardens, there were considerable amounts of stored OC in gardens which ought to be protected. Exploratory analysis of the multiple drivers of emissions was conducted using a combination of primary and secondary data. These findings will be relevant in devising effective policy instruments for combatting city scale green-house gas emissions from domestic end-use energy demand.