Estimating Impacts of Dam Development and Landscape Changes on Suspended Sediment Concentrations in the Mekong River Basin's 3S Tributaries
Estimating Impacts of Dam Development and Landscape Changes on Suspended Sediment Concentrations in the Mekong River Basin's 3S Tributaries
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DOI：
10.1061/(asce)he.1943-5584.0001949
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发表时间：
2020-07-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Bonnema, Matthew
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Beveridge, Claire;Hossain, Faisal;Bonnema, Matthew
湄公河流域（MRB）正在经历快速的大坝开发，这正在改变河流悬浮泥沙浓度（SSC）。在这项研究中，我们使用卫星遥感记录跨越31年来检测SSC的变化（SSC预测r2=0.78，RMSE=21.2 mg/L），由于大坝的发展。我们重点关注MRB的3S盆地。我们还使用了夜间灯光的卫星数据，这反映了人类居住模式和土地覆盖来解释SSC模式。我们的技术允许量化由于大坝建设引起的SSC变化（例如，+120 mg/L（靠近流域出口）、水库沉积物截留（例如，-108毫克/升）、森林砍伐和人类住区（例如，+117毫克/升（接近撞击）。我们的技术还展示了3S河流的SSC如何与湄公河干流的SSC进行比较（例如，从相似到13%到100%更大）。我们对SSC记录与大坝开发的综合分析表明，SSC的变化将继续与正在进行的大坝和景观发展的MRB。从水文学的角度来看，SSC监测对于有效的沉积物和水管理至关重要。我们基于卫星的方法满足了MRB和其他全球地点从事河流流域实际管理的从业者对改善监测和适应性管理的关键沉积物需求。
The Mekong River Basin (MRB) is undergoing rapid dam development, which is altering the river suspended sediment concentration (SSC). In this study, we used satellite remote sensing records spanning 31 years to detect SSC changes (SSC prediction r2=0.78, RMSE=21.2 mg/L) due to dam development. We focused on the 3S basin of the MRB. We also used satellite data on nighttime lights, which reflect human settlement patterns, and land cover to explain SSC patterns. Our technique allowed for quantification of SSC changes due to dam construction (e.g., +120 mg/L near basin outlet), reservoir sediment trapping (e.g., -108 mg/L), deforestation, and human settlement (e.g., +117 mg/L near impacts). Our technique also demonstrated how the SSC of the 3S rivers compared to that of the Mekong mainstem over time (e.g., from similar to 13% to 100% greater). Our comprehensive analyses of SSC records with dam development indicate that SSC changes will continue with ongoing dam and landscape development in the MRB. From a hydrologic perspective, SSC monitoring will be imperative for effective sediment and water management. Our satellite-based approach answers critical sediment needs of improved monitoring and adaptive management throughout the MRB and other global locations for practitioners who are engaged in real-world management of their river basins.