Mechanisms in the adaptation of maternal β-cells during pregnancy.
Mechanisms in the adaptation of maternal β-cells during pregnancy.
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DOI：
10.2217/dmt.10.24
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发表时间：
2011-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Garcia-Ocaña A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Ernst S;Demirci C;Valle S;Velazquez-Garcia S;Garcia-Ocaña A
胰腺β细胞群适应体内胰岛素需求的变化。最神奇的可逆β细胞适应发生在怀孕和产后。在怀孕期间，母体胰岛素抵抗的增加通过母体β细胞增生和功能亢进来补偿，以维持正常的血糖。虽然在啮齿类动物中已经详细研究了母体β细胞扩增的细胞机制，但对人类的研究非常少。以下是对啮齿动物和人类进行的这些研究的总结。由于β细胞团在妊娠期间会扩大，因此揭示这些影响的内分泌/旁分泌/自分泌分子机制对于预测和治疗妊娠糖尿病以及寻找诱导糖尿病中β细胞再生的新线索具有重要意义。除了众所周知的母体β细胞扩增过程中乳原的影响外，还发现了其他参与者，如血清素和HGF。转录因子，如肝细胞核因子-4α和叉头盒蛋白- m1，以及细胞周期调节因子，如menin， p27和p18，是负责这些作用的重要细胞内信号。本文就妊娠期母体β细胞适应性扩增的分子机制进行综述和讨论。
Pancreatic β-cell mass adapts to changing insulin demands in the body. One of the most amazing reversible β-cell adaptations occurs during pregnancy and postpartum conditions. During pregnancy, the increase in maternal insulin resistance is compensated by maternal β-cell hyperplasia and hyperfunctionality to maintain normal blood glucose. Although the cellular mechanisms involved in maternal β-cell expansion have been studied in detail in rodents, human studies are very sparse. A summary of these studies in rodents and humans is described below. Since β-cell mass expands during pregnancy, unraveling the endocrine/paracrine/autocrine molecular mechanisms responsible for these effects can be of great importance for predicting and treating gestational diabetes and for finding new cues that induce β-cell regeneration in diabetes. In addition to the well known implication of lactogens during maternal β-cell expansion, additional participants are being discovered such as serotonin and HGF. Transcription factors, such as hepatocyte nuclear factor-4α and the forkhead box protein-M1, and cell cycle regulators, such as menin, p27 and p18, are important intracellular signals responsible for these effects. In this article, we summarize and discuss novel studies uncovering molecular mechanisms involved in the maternal β-cell adaptive expansion during pregnancy.