Topical issue on EChO - the Exoplanet Characterisation Observatory
Topical issue on EChO - the Exoplanet Characterisation Observatory
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关于 EChO 的热门问题 - 系外行星特征观测站
DOI：
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
P. Drossart
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
G. Tinetti;P. Drossart
2007年，欧洲首次考虑通过凌日光谱分析行星大气特征的任务概念，当时达尔文向欧洲航天局提交的首次宇宙愿景呼吁L级任务的提案因科学和技术不成熟而被拒绝后不久。做出决定后，欧空局（EP-RAT 小组 - 2010 年 10 月报告）和系外行星社区（蓝点团队 - 2009 年 9 月巴塞罗那会议）开始讨论，以确定系外行星研究的科学和技术路线图。两个小组的结论是，在解决类地行星的表征之前，在科学和技术上都需要采取中间步骤，并建议将传输光谱任务作为大气表征的第一步。 EChO（系外行星特征观测站）于 2010 年由欧空局成员国的一个研究机构和大学联盟提议作为中级任务候选者，以响应“宇宙愿景 2015 - 2025”计划中第二次中级任务的号召。该任务是 2011 年 2 月在 0/A 阶段评估研究中选择进行进一步研究的四个任务之一（Tinetti 等人，2012 年，实验天文学，34, 311 – 353）。不久之后，欧洲航天局的一个研究小组和一个由来自提议小组及其他小组的科学家组成的科学研究小组成立了。 EChO 的内部 ESA 预评估研究是在 ESTEC 的并行设计设施中进行的，为后续研究提供了基线任务概念。工业和科学有效载荷研究于 2012 年初开始，于 2013 年 9 月结束。Astrium（图卢兹）和 TAS-F（戛纳）进行的工业研究包括对任务要求、技术设计和任务程序分析的审查。科学有效载荷的研究 - 包括科学地面部分元素和端到端性能模拟
The concept of a mission devoted to atmospheric characterization of planets through transit spectroscopy was first considered in Europe in 2007, shortly after the DARWIN proposal submitted to the European Space Agency for the first Cosmic Vision call for L-class missions was rejected because of scientific and technical immaturity. Following the decision, both ESA (EP-RAT panel – report in October 2010) and the Exoplanetary Community (Blue Dot Team – Barcelona conference in September 2009) started a discussion to define a scientific and technological roadmap for exoplanetary research. Both groups concluded that an intermediate step was needed, both scientifically and technically, before the characterisation of Earth-like planets could be tackled, and recom-mended a transit spectroscopy mission as a first step to atmospheric characterization. EChO, the Exoplanet Characterisation Observatory, was proposed as a medium class mission candidate in 2010 by a consortium of institutes and universities from ESA member states, in response to the second call for medium class missions in the Cosmic Vision 2015 – 2025 programme. The mission was one of four selected in February 2011 for further study in a Phase 0/A assessment study (Tinetti et al., 2012, Experimental Astronomy , 34, 311 – 353). Soon after, an ESA study team, and a Science Study team comprising scientists from the proposing team and beyond, were assembled. An internal ESA pre-assessment study of EChO was undertaken in the Concurrent Design Facility at ESTEC that provided a baseline mission concept for subsequent study. The industrial and scientific payload studies started in early 2012 and concluded in September, 2013. The industrial studies performed by Astrium (Toulouse) and TAS-F (Cannes) included a review of the mission requirements, the technical design and a programmatic analysis of the mission. The study of the scientific payload – including science ground segment elements and an end-to-end performance simulation