Structure of a human γδ T-cell antigen receptor

Structure of a human γδ T-cell antigen receptor
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DOI:
10.1038/35081115
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发表时间:
2001-06-14
期刊:
影响因子:
64.8
通讯作者:
Garboczi, DN
Garboczi, DN
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Allison, TJ;Winter, CC;Garboczi, DN

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由γ和δ多肽链组成的T细胞抗原受体(γδTCR)可以直接识别完整蛋白质或非肽化合物形式的抗原,这与αβTCR不同,αβTCR识别与主要组织相容性复合物分子(MHC)结合的抗原。大约 5% 的外周血 T 细胞带有 γ δ TCR,其中大多数识别非肽磷酸化抗原(1,2)。在这里,我们描述了来自具有磷酸抗原反应性的 T 细胞克隆 (3) 的人 γ δ TCR 的 3.1 埃分辨率结构。与 alpha beta TCR 或抗体相比,gamma delta TCR 的可变 (V) 和恒定 (C) 区的方向是独特的,这是由 V gamma 和 C gamma 结构域之间异常小的角度造成的。 V 结构域的互补决定区 (CDR) 对磷酸化抗原表现出化学上合理的结合位点,为磷酸化抗原反应性受体对 V gamma9 和 V delta2 基因片段的规范使用提供了可能的解释。尽管 γ δ TCR V 结构域在整体结构上与 α β TCR 类似,但 γ δ TCR C 结构域却明显不同。 C gamma 和 C delta 的结构差异以及它们之间二硫键的位置可能使 gamma delta TCR 能够形成与 alpha beta TCR 不同的识别/信号复合物。
T-cell antigen receptors composed of gamma and delta polypeptide chains (gamma delta TCRs) can directly recognize antigens in the form of intact proteins or non-peptide compounds, unlike alpha beta TCRs, which recognize antigens bound to major histocompatibility complex molecules (MHC). About 5% of peripheral blood T cells bear gamma delta TCRs, most of which recognize non-peptide phosphorylated antigens(1,2). Here we describe the 3.1 Angstrom resolution structure of a human gamma delta TCR from a T-cell clone(3) that is phosphoantigen-reactive. The orientation of the variable (V) and constant (C) regions of the gamma delta TCR is unique when compared with alpha beta TCRs or antibodies, and results from an unusually small angle between the V gamma and C gamma domains. The complementarity-determining regions (CDRs) of the V domains exhibit a chemically reasonable binding site for phosphorylated antigens, providing a possible explanation for the canonical usage of the V gamma9 and V delta2 gene segments by phosphoantigen-reactive receptors. Although the gamma delta TCR V domains are similar in overall structure to those of alpha beta TCRs, gamma delta TCR C domains are markedly different. Structural differences in C gamma and C delta, and in the location of the disulphide bond between them, may enable gamma delta TCRs to form different recognition/signalling complexes than alpha beta TCRs.