Editorial: Special issue on cut-off low systems (COL)
Editorial: Special issue on cut-off low systems (COL)
复制标题
DOI：
10.1007/s00703-006-0216-5
复制
发表时间：
2007-04
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
L. Gimeno;R. Trigo;P. Ribera;J. A. García
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
L. Gimeno;R. Trigo;P. Ribera;J. A. García
截止低气压(COL)对应于对流层上层的一个封闭低气压，它与基本西风气流完全分离(切断)，基本西风气流通常向中纬度西风带赤道平流。这些系统移动缓慢，经常在同一地区停留数天，因此能够相当大程度上影响地表感受到的天气状况。此外，这些特征通过平流层臭氧的耗散和混合在对流层臭氧平衡中发挥重要作用。因为这些结构需要来自对流层上层的信息，所以只有在使用高空探测之后，即第二次世界大战之后(例如，道格拉斯，1947；谢家华，1949)，才对它们进行描述。后来，人们对这些事件的兴趣大大减少，部分原因是不存在长期和可靠的气候。近年来，对极地和中纬度COL(较少涉及亚热带COL)的研究有了显著的增加，这些研究集中在不同的角度，即：(A)COL个例研究和对流层顶折叠的模拟(例如，Ebel等人，1991；Langford等人，1996)，(B)COLS对对流层臭氧的影响(例如，Vaughan和Price，1989；Oltans等人，1996；Ancellet等人，1994；Barsby和Diab，1995；Cuevas等人，2000；Kentarchos等人，2000；Baray等人，2003年)，(C)Col生命周期的中尺度分析(例如，Ravetta和Ancellet，2000；Gouget等人，2000)。此外，基于对数千张图表(例如，Price和Vaughan，1992；Kentarchos和Davies，1998,1999)的(艰苦的)目视检查的COL气候学现在正被更快的客观程序所取代(例如，Nieto等人，2005；Fuenzalida等人，2005)，从而允许COLS相关研究的新方向。
A cut-off low (COL) corresponds to a closed low in the upper troposphere that has become completely detached (cut off) from the basic westerly current usually being advected equatorward of the mid-latitude westerlies. These systems are slow moving and often stay over the same region for several days, therefore capable of considerably affecting the weather conditions felt at the surface. Moreover, these features play a significant role in the tropospheric ozone balance through dissipation and mixing of stratospheric ozone. Because these structures requires information from the upper troposphere they were only described after the use of upper air soundings became available, ie, after the 2nd World War (eg, Douglas, 1947; Hsieh, 1949). Afterwards the interest on these events has decreased considerably, partially due to the inexistence of long and reliable climatologies. In recent years there has been a significant increase on studies of polar and mid-latitude COLs (less of subtropical ones) focusing different perspectives, namely;(a) modelling of COL case studies and tropopause folds (eg, Ebel et al, 1991; Langford et al, 1996),(b) impact of COLs on tropospheric ozone (eg, Vaughan and Price, 1989; Oltmans et al, 1996; Ancellet et al, 1994; Barsby and Diab, 1995; Cuevas et al, 2000; Kentarchos et al, 2000; Baray et al, 2003),(c) mesoscale analysis of the life cycle of a COL (eg, Ravetta and Ancellet, 2000; Gouget et al, 2000). Furthermore, COL climatologies based on (painstaking) visual inspection of thousands of charts (eg, Price and Vaughan, 1992; Kentarchos and Davies, 1998, 1999) are now being substituted by much faster objective procedures (eg, Nieto et al, 2005; Fuenzalida et al, 2005) allowing new directions of COLs related studies.