Mesoporous nitrogen-rich carbons derived from protein for ultra-high capacity battery anodes and supercapacitors
Mesoporous nitrogen-rich carbons derived from protein for ultra-high capacity battery anodes and supercapacitors
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DOI：
10.1039/c2ee23599d
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发表时间：
2013-03-01
影响因子：
32.5
通讯作者：
Mitlin, David
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Li, Zhi;Xu, Zhanwei;Mitlin, David
在这项工作中，我们证明了生物质衍生的蛋白质是合成用于能源应用的碳材料的理想前体。碳的独特组成和结构使其具有很好的电化学储能性能。我们获得了1780 mA h g(-1)的可逆储锂容量，这是迄今报道的碳基电极中最高的容量之一。作为超级电容器测试，碳的容量为390Fg(-1)，具有极好的循环寿命(10000次循环后损失7%)。如此精致的性能可以归因于高比表面积、部分石墨化和非常高的体氮含量的独特组合。获得具有所有这三种属性的碳是一个重大挑战。通过以蛋清蛋白为模板的介孔泡沫结构，我们能够得到比表面积为805.7 m(2)g(-1)、体积氮含量为10.1wt%的部分石墨化的中孔(孔的中心位置类似于4 nm和20-30 nm)。当最佳样品在Ar中加热以消除大部分氮时，Li的存储容量和比电容分别下降到716 mA h g(-1)和80Fg(-1)。
In this work we demonstrate that biomass-derived proteins serve as an ideal precursor for synthesizing carbon materials for energy applications. The unique composition and structure of the carbons resulted in very promising electrochemical energy storage performance. We obtained a reversible lithium storage capacity of 1780 mA h g(-1), which is among the highest ever reported for any carbon-based electrode. Tested as a supercapacitor, the carbons exhibited a capacitance of 390 F g(-1), with an excellent cycle life (7% loss after 10 000 cycles). Such exquisite properties may be attributed to a unique combination of a high specific surface area, partial graphitization and very high bulk nitrogen content. It is a major challenge to derive carbons possessing all three attributes. By templating the structure of mesoporous cellular foam with egg white-derived proteins, we were able to obtain hierarchically mesoporous (pores centered at similar to 4 nm and at 20-30 nm) partially graphitized carbons with a surface area of 805.7 m(2) g(-1) and a bulk N-content of 10.1 wt%. When the best performing sample was heated in Ar to eliminate most of the nitrogen, the Li storage capacity and the specific capacitance dropped to 716 mA h g(-1) and 80 F g(-1), respectively.