The Underwater Archaeology of Paleolandscapes, Apalachee Bay, Florida
The Underwater Archaeology of Paleolandscapes, Apalachee Bay, Florida
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古景观水下考古学，阿巴拉奇湾，佛罗里达州
DOI：
10.2307/4128420
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发表时间：
2004
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
M. Faught
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Faught
在佛罗里达西北部沿着被淹没的Aucilla河通道（或PaleoAucilla）的边缘被淹没的史前遗址调查扩展了我们对史前定居模式和古景观利用的理解。双面和单面的工具表明晚古印度和早期的后勤活动在这些网站，以及后来的中东的职业。这些遗址的陆地条件的其他证据包括已灭绝和现存的陆地动物遗迹、就地树桩和可能被侵蚀的中全新世贝壳贝冢。本报告概述了现场调查所使用的方法，然后讨论了这些近海遗址的地貌环境、特征、文化历史联系和完全淹没的时间。在更新世晚期和全新世早期，海岸线在大陆架上更远，古奥西拉的这一部分是森林和内陆。后来，在中全新世海侵阶段，该段更广泛的草沼泽与咸水潮沟和牡蛎。在这个大陆架设置，水下考古遗址仍然在集群阵列访问水下考古方法，和数据提供了一个重要的补充，我们目前的了解晚更新世和全新世早期的解决模式和古景观利用。
Submerged prehistoric sites investigated in northwest Florida along the margins of the drowned Aucilla River channel (or PaleoAucilla) extend our understanding of prehistoric settlement patterns and paleolandscape utilization. Bifacial and unifacial tools indicate Late Paleoindian and Early Archaic logistical activities at these sites, as well as later Middle Archaic occupations. Other evidence for terrestrial conditions at these sites include extinct and extant terrestrial faunal remains, in-place tree stumps, and possible eroded middle Holocene shell middens. This report outlines the methodologies used for site investigations, and then discusses the geomorphic setting, character, cultural-historical connections, and timing of full inundation for these offshore sites. During late Pleistocene and early Holocene times, the coastline was much farther out on the continental shelf, and this segment of the PaleoAucilla was forested and well inland. Later, during the middle Holocene stages of transgression, the segment was more of a wide grassy marsh with brackish water tidal creeks and oysters. In this continental shelf setting, submerged archaeological sites remain in clustered arrays accessible by underwater archaeological methods, and the data provide a critical supplement to our present understanding of late Pleistocene and early Holocene settlement patterns and paleolandscape utilization.