Characteristics of soil moisture variation in different land uses in a small catchment on the Loess Plateau, China
Characteristics of soil moisture variation in different land uses in a small catchment on the Loess Plateau, China
复制标题
黄土高原小流域不同土地利用方式土壤水分变化特征
DOI：
10.2489/jswc.74.1.24
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发表时间：
2019-01-01
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Chau, H. W.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Tang, M.;Zhao, X.;Chau, H. W.
了解不同土地利用方式下土壤水分的变化，对于确保有效利用水和土壤资源，促进干旱和半干旱生态系统的植被恢复至关重要。在2014年和2015年生长季节（5月至10月），利用EC-5土壤水分传感器对黄土高原小流域坡地、梯田、果园和天然草地0 - 160 cm土壤剖面的土壤水分含量进行了监测。结果表明，不同土地利用方式下土壤水分的垂直分布、季节变化及土壤贮水特征在不同水文特征的年份中存在差异。2014年强降雨后持续干旱期间，梯田土壤水分流失速率随时间缓慢增加，且远低于其他土地利用方式。在干旱年份（2015年），梯田0 ~ 160 cm蓄水量分别比坡耕地、果园和草地高36.9、25.1和11.7 mm。在正常年份（2014年），果园0 ~ 60 cm土层平均含水量分别比坡耕地、梯田和草地低2.9%、3.7%和4.5%（p < 0.05）。在持续干旱期间，果园土壤水分流失速率最大，并随着干旱的持续而迅速增加。干旱年份，果园0 ~ 160 cm土壤有效蓄水量仅占土壤潜在总蓄水量的35.04%。研究结果对黄土丘陵区乃至其他干旱半干旱地区的水资源管理和土地资源优化利用具有一定的参考价值。
Understanding how soil moisture changes under different land uses is essential to ensure effective utilization of water and soil resources and to facilitate vegetation restoration in arid and semiarid ecosystems. Soil moisture content in the 0 to 160 cm soil profile in a sloping cropland, terraced cropland, jujube (Ziziphus jujuba) orchard, and natural grassland was monitored in a small catchment on China's Loess Plateau, using EC-5 soil moisture sensors, during the 2014 and 2015 growing seasons (May to October). The results demonstrated that the vertical distribution and seasonal variation in soil moisture and the characteristics of soil water storage under different land uses varied in years with different hydrological characteristics. During the persistent drought after heavy rainfall in 2014, the soil moisture loss rate under the terraced cropland increased slowly with time and was much lower than under the other land use types. In the drought year (2015), water storage in the 0 to 160 cm depth range under the terraced cropland was 36.9, 25.1, and 11.7 mm higher than that associated with the sloping cropland, jujube orchard, and grassland, respectively. In the normal year (2014), the average moisture content in the 0 to 60 cm depth range in the jujube orchard was 2.9%, 3.7%, and 4.5% lower than that of the sloping cropland, terraced cropland, and grassland, respectively (p < 0.05). During the persistent drought, the soil moisture loss rate from the jujube orchard was the highest and increased rapidly as the drought continued. In the drought year, the effective soil water storage in the 0 to 160 cm soil layer in the jujube orchard accounted for only 35.04% of the potential total soil water storage. The above findings are useful for making choices about water management and optimal utilization of land resources in the loess hilly region and potentially in other arid and semiarid areas.