Enhancing the tissue-biomaterial interface: Tissue-initiated integration of biomaterials
Enhancing the tissue-biomaterial interface: Tissue-initiated integration of biomaterials
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DOI：
10.1002/adfm.200305018
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发表时间：
2004-12-01
影响因子：
19
通讯作者：
Elisseeff, JH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wang, DA;Williams, CG;Elisseeff, JH
生物材料在体内的整合是医学中的一个长期问题。体内缺乏适当的生物材料整合会牺牲人工植入物的寿命和功能。诸如水凝胶的材料可能能够与软组织整合;然而，改善硬组织（诸如软骨和骨）的组织-生物材料相互作用仍然是一个挑战。Carbohydrate对生物材料整合提出了特别困难的挑战，因为它具有阻碍细胞迁移的致密细胞外基质，此外，它具有光滑的润滑表面。胶原纤维在软骨基质和整个身体中丰富，提供结构完整性，并被选为聚合引发、锚定和水凝胶生物材料整合的靶点。应用蛋白质生物化学和高分子科学的原理，制定了一种新的策略，引发和直接将生物材料转化为胶原蛋白。最初，通过酶消化从软骨表面去除蛋白聚糖，然后用温和的氧化剂处理以在胶原蛋白上产生酪氨酰自由基。之后，添加含有丙烯酸酯基团的聚合物，并使用通过电子自旋共振（ESR）确认的酪氨酰基自由基来用光引发聚合。化学（傅立叶变换红外光谱）和形态（扫描电子显微镜（SEM））分析显示存在的聚合物结合到软骨表面后，组织引发的光聚合。通过施加扭转应力进行的力学分析表明，组织引发聚合材料的功能性组织整合增强。在粘合和聚合过程中，周围软骨组织中的细胞和封装在水凝胶中的细胞保持活力。
Integration of biomaterials within the body is a longstanding problem in medicine. The lack of proper biomaterial integration within the body sacrifices artificial implant longevity and function. Materials such as hydrogels may be able to integrate with soft tissue; however, a challenge remains to improve tissue-biomaterial interaction for hard tissues such as cartilage and bone. Cartilage poses a particularly difficult challenge for biomaterial integration since it has a dense extracellular matrix that impedes cellular migration, additionally, it has a smooth, lubricating surface. Collagen fibers, are abundant in the cartilage matrix and throughout the body, provide structural integrity and were chosen as the target for polymerization initiation, anchoring, and integration of hydrogel biomaterials. Principles of protein biochemistry and polymer science were applied to formulate a novel strategy to initiate and directly polymerize biomaterials to collagen. Initially, proteoglycans were removed from the cartilage surface by enzymatic digestion, followed by treatment with a mild oxidative reagent to create tyrosyl radicals on collagen. Afterwards, polymers containing acrylate groups were added and tyrosyl radicals, confirmed by electron spin resonance (ESR) were used to initiate polymerization with light. Chemical (Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy) and morphological (scanning electron microscopy (SEM)) analyses revealed the presence of polymer bound to the cartilage surface after tissue-initiated photopolymerization. Mechanical analysis by the application of torsional stress demonstrated enhanced functional tissue integration of the tissue-initiated polymerized material. Cells in the surrounding cartilage tissue and encapsulated in the hydrogel, remained viable during the bonding and polymerization processes.