New respirator fit test panels representing the current US civilian work force
New respirator fit test panels representing the current US civilian work force
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DOI：
10.1080/15459620701497538
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发表时间：
2007-09-01
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Shaffer, Ronald E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zhuang, Ziqing;Bradtmiller, Bruce;Shaffer, Ronald E.
目前用于呼吸器研究、设计和认证的适合性测试面板是由洛斯阿拉莫斯国家实验室（LANL）和art根据1967年和1968年美国空军人员人体测量调查的数据开发的25个主题面板。军事数据并不代表在平民人口中看到的面部大小和形状的巨大差异。此外，在过去的30年里，美国人口的人口结构发生了变化。因此，有必要评估和改进LANL拟合测试面板。本文介绍了新的呼吸器适合性测试面板的发展，目前美国平民工人的基础上进行的人体测量调查3997呼吸器使用者在2003年。一个小组是使用脸长和脸宽（双变量方法）和加权主题来匹配2000年人口普查确定的美国人口的年龄和种族分布。使用从一组10个面部尺寸（年龄和种族调整）获得的前两个主成分开发另一个面板。这10个维度与呼吸器贴合性和泄漏相关，并且可以很好地预测其余面部维度。设计适合这些面板的呼吸器预计将容纳目前美国95%以上的平民工人。这两个小组比现有的LANL小组更能代表美国人口，并且可能适合测试半面罩和全面罩呼吸器。呼吸器制造商、标准制定组织和政府呼吸器认证机构需要根据其特定需求选择合适的适合性测试面板。双变量面板比主成分分析（PCA）面板更易于使用，并且与当前使用的LANL面板最相似。包括八个额外的面部测量允许PCA小组提供更好的标准，以排除使用极端的面部尺寸。由于这两种新型面板的边界与LANL面板有很大不同，因此可能需要开发新的呼吸器尺寸系统。提出了一种新的五类分级系统。
The fit test panels currently used for respirator research, design, and certification are 25-subject panels developed by Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) and art based on data from the 1967 and 1968 anthropometric surveys of U.S. Air Force personnel. Military data do not represent the great diversity in face size and shape seen in civilian populations. In addition, the demographics, of the U.S. population have changed over the last 30 years. Thus, it is necessary to assess and refine the LANL fit test panels. This paper presents the development of new respirator fit test panels representative of current U.S. civilian workers based on an anthropometric survey of 3997 respirator users conducted in 2003. One panel was developed using face length and face width (bivariate approach) and weighting subjects to match the age and race distribution of the U.S. population as determined from the 2000 census. Another panel was developed using the first two principal components obtained from a set of 10 facial dimensions (age and race adjusted). These 10 dimensions are associated with respirator fit and leakage and can predict the remaining face dimensions well. Respirators designed to fit these panels are expected to accommodate more than 95% of the current U.S. civilian workers. Both panels are more representative of the U.S. population than the existing LANL panel and may be appropriate for testing both half-masks and full-faceppiece respirators. Respirator manufacturers, standards development organizations, and government respirator certification bodies need to select the appropriate fit test panel for their particular needs. The bivariate panel is simpler to use than the principal component analysis (PCA) panel and is most similar to the LANL panel currently used. The inclusion of the eight additional facial measurements allows the PCA panel to provide better criteria for excluding extreme face sizes from being used. Because the boundaries of the two new, panels are significantly different from the LANL panel, it may be necessary to develop new respirator sizing systems. A newfive-category sizing system is proposed.