Regulation of antigen presentation by Mycobacterium tuberculosis: a role for Toll-like receptors.

Regulation of antigen presentation by Mycobacterium tuberculosis: a role for Toll-like receptors.
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结核分枝杆菌对抗原呈递的调节:Toll 样受体的作用。

DOI:
10.1038/nrmicro2321
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发表时间:
2010-04
期刊:
Nature reviews. Microbiology
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结核分枝杆菌存活于抗原呈递细胞(APC),如巨噬细胞和树突状细胞。APC与主要组织相容性复合体(MHC)II类分子结合呈递抗原以刺激CD4+ T细胞,这一过程对于包含M.肺结核感染。免疫逃避使M.结核病在巨噬细胞中建立持续或潜伏感染,并导致Toll样受体2(TLR 2)依赖性抑制MHC II类反式激活因子表达、MHC II类分子表达和抗原呈递。这种抗原呈递的减少可能反映了一种负反馈调节的一般机制,这种机制可以防止过度的T细胞介导的炎症,而M。结核病已经颠覆了在感染的巨噬细胞中生存和逃避CD4+ T细胞识别的生态位。
Mycobacterium tuberculosis survives in antigen-presenting cells (APCs) such as macrophages and dendritic cells. APCs present antigens in association with major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecules to stimulate CD4+ T cells, and this process is essential to contain M. tuberculosis infection. Immune evasion allows M. tuberculosis to establish persistent or latent infection in macrophages and results in Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)-dependent inhibition of MHC class II transactivator expression, MHC class II molecule expression and antigen presentation. This reduction of antigen presentation might reflect a general mechanism of negative-feedback regulation that prevents excessive T cell-mediated inflammation and that M. tuberculosis has subverted to create a niche for survival in infected macrophages and evasion of recognition by CD4+ T cells.
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