Flight muscle protein damage during endurance flight is related to energy expenditure but not dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids in a migratory bird
Flight muscle protein damage during endurance flight is related to energy expenditure but not dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids in a migratory bird
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DOI：
10.1242/jeb.187708
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发表时间：
2019-03-01
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Guglielmo, Christopher G.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Dick, Morag F.;Guglielmo, Christopher G.
迁徙给鸟类带来了许多生理挑战，包括持续数小时或数天的高强度有氧运动。耐力飞行的一个后果是产生活性氧（ROS）。ROS的产生可能受到膳食多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）的影响，PUFA虽然易于氧化损伤，但可能限制线粒体ROS的产生并增加抗氧化能力。我们研究了飞行肌肉如何在飞行过程中管理氧化应激，以及饮食中的长链PUFA是否影响ROS管理或损伤。黄腰莺被喂食低PUFA或高长链n-3或n-6 PUFA的饲料。在休息时或在风洞中飞行最多360分钟后立即从每种饮食处理的鸟类中取样飞行肌肉。飞行增加飞行肌超氧化物歧化酶活性，但对过氧化氢酶活性没有影响。谷胱甘肽与谷胱甘肽二硫化物的比例在飞行过程中下降。氧化蛋白质损伤，蛋白质羰基，增加飞行时间（皮尔逊r=0.4）。对飞行360 min的个体（N=15）的进一步检查表明，氧化损伤与总能量消耗（Pearson r=0.86）的相关性大于飞行持续时间本身。这表明，具有较高飞行效率的高质量个体不仅具有较低的能量成本，而且在抵达目的地后修复的氧化损伤可能较少。膳食长链多不饱和脂肪酸对抗氧化剂或损伤没有显着影响。总的来说，飞行会导致氧化应激，损害程度可能更多地由能量成本而不是脂肪酸营养驱动。
Migration poses many physiological challenges for birds, including sustaining high intensity aerobic exercise for hours or days. A consequence of endurance flight is the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). ROS production may be influenced by dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), which, although prone to oxidative damage, may limit mitochondrial ROS production and increase antioxidant capacity. We examined how flight muscles manage oxidative stress during flight, and whether dietary long-chain PUFA influence ROS management or damage. Yellow-rumped warblers were fed diets low in PUFA, or high in long-chain n-3 or n-6 PUFA. Flight muscle was sampled from birds in each diet treatment at rest or immediately after flying for up to a maximum of 360 min in a wind tunnel. Flight increased flight muscle superoxide dismutase activity but had no effect on catalase activity. The ratio of glutathione to glutathione disulphide decreased during flight. Oxidative protein damage, indicated by protein carbonyls, increased with flight duration (Pearson r=0.4). Further examination of just individuals that flew for 360 min (N=15) indicates that oxidative damage was related more to total energy expenditure (Pearson r=0.86) than to flight duration itself. This suggests that high quality individuals with higher flight efficiency have not only lower energy costs but also potentially less oxidative damage to repair after arrival at the destination. No significant effects of dietary long-chain PUFA were observed on antioxidants or damage. Overall, flight results in oxidative stress and the degree of damage is likely driven more by energy costs than fatty acid nutrition.