Neogene Stratigraphy of Southwestern Florida
Neogene Stratigraphy of Southwestern Florida
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佛罗里达州西南部的新近纪地层
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发表时间：
1958
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通讯作者：
J. Dubar
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作者：
J. Dubar
摘要 本报告描述了佛罗里达州西南部新近纪晚期（后渐新世）矿床，特别重点关注卡卢萨哈奇河地区。卡卢萨哈奇和英尺。详细描述了 Thompson 地层，并讨论了它们与 Tamiami 地层、Pamlico 和其他新近纪晚期矿床的关系。在佛罗里达州南部，卡卢萨哈奇泥灰岩不整合地分布在塔迈阿密地层（中新世晚期）上。在大多数地方，卡卢萨哈奇泥灰岩的厚度不到 40 英尺，但奥托纳船闸以东的厚度超过 60 英尺。该地层由一系列浅水海洋和咸水泥灰岩、砂岩和石灰岩以及一些淡水泥灰岩夹层薄层组成。大多数沉积物形成于内大陆架近岸处或海湾和入口处，但中间段（Bee Branch 段）代表了相对深水（15-20 噚）的外陆架环境。沿着卡卢萨哈奇河可以追踪到蜜蜂分支的成员数英里。通常，英国《金融时报》。汤普森地层不整合地覆盖在卡卢萨哈奇泥灰岩上，其特征是沿着波动的海岸线沉积的一系列薄层交替和相互接触的淡水和海床。最上面的成员是咖啡磨吊床泥灰岩，是发育最广泛的单元，沉积在海湾或入口的浅水（5 英寻深）中。下层奥卡尔达库奇泥灰岩通常由淡水层和一个浅水海洋单元组成。卡卢萨哈奇泥灰岩的年龄此前被认为是上新世，现在被归为更新世。支持更新世分类的最令人信服的证据来自脊椎动物遗骸。大多数脊椎动物物种从未在更新世之前的沉积物中被记录下来。马属 (Equus) sp 的存在。参见地层中的 E. (E.) leidyi 和 Holmesina septentrionalis 被认为是后堪萨斯（可能是桑加莫尼阶）时代的有力证据。古生态学和古地理研究表明，卡卢萨哈奇泥灰岩是在热带条件下沉积的，这表明存在间冰期，并且该地层的沉积应该至少部分与威科米科海岸线（海拔 100 英尺）的形成有关，该海岸线通常被认为是桑加莫尼亚时代的。英尺。汤普森地层按年龄划分为威斯康星州，可能是在威斯康星州冰川暂时退缩期间沉积的。古地理和古生态学研究表明，该地层的形成应至少部分地与帕姆里科海岸线（海拔 25-30 英尺）的形成相关。上面的帕姆里科沙可能代表了从退却的英尺堡沉积下来的滨海沉积物。汤普森海。帕姆利科地层上方的弗利特湖泥灰岩是最近形成的沉积物。
ABSTRACT This report describes late Neogene (post-Oligocene) deposits in southwestern Florida with special emphasis on the Caloosahatchee River area. The Caloosahatchee and Ft. Thompson formations are described in detail and their relationship to the Tamiami formation, Pamlico and other Late Neogene deposits is discussed. In southern Florida the Caloosahatchee marl rests unconformably on the Tamiami formation (Late Miocene). In most places the Caloosahatchee marl is less than 40 feet thick, but east of Ortona Locks it reaches a thickness in excess of 60 feet. The formation is composed of a succession of shallow-water marine and brackishwater marls, sandstone and limestone, and a few intercalated thin beds of fresh-water marl. Most of the deposits were formed close to shore on the inner continental shelf or in bays and inlets, but the middle member (Bee Branch member) represents a relatively deep water (15-20 fathoms deep) outer shelf environment. The Bee Branch member can be traced for many miles along the Caloosahatchee River. Typically, the Ft. Thompson formation, which overlies the Caloosahatchee marl unconformably, is represented by a thin sequence of alternating and intertonguing fresh-water and marine beds deposited along a fluctuating shoreline. The uppermost member, the Coffee Mill Hammock marl, is the most extensively developed unit, and was deposited in the shallow water (5 fathoms deep) of a bay or inlet. The lower member, the Okaldakoochee marl, is typically represented by fresh-water beds and one shallow-water marine unit. The Caloosahatchee marl, heretofore considered Pliocene in age, is assigned to the Pleistocene epoch. The most compelling evidence supporting a Pleistocene classification is derived from vertebrate remains. Most of the vertebrate species never have been recorded from deposits older than Pleistocene. The presence of Equus (Equus) sp. cf. E. (E.) leidyi and Holmesina septentrionalis in the formation is regarded as strong evidence for a post-Kansan (probably Sangamonian) age. Paleoecological and paleogeographical studies indicate that the Caloosahatchee marl was deposited under tropical conditions suggestive of an interglacial period, and that the deposition of the formation should be, at least in part, correlated with the making of the Wicomico shoreline (100 feet above sea level), generally regarded as Sangamonian in age. The Ft. Thompson formation is classified as Wisconsinan in age, and was possibly deposited during a temporary recession of the Wisconsinan glaciers. Paleogeographical and paleoecological studies suggest that the formation should be correlated, at least in part, with the making of the Pamlico shoreline (25-30 feet above sea level). The overlying Pamlico sands may represent littoral sediments deposited from the retreating Ft. Thompson sea. The Lake Flirt marl, that overlies the Pamlico formation is a very recent deposit.