Mdm2 promotes Cdc25C protein degradation and delays cell cycle progression through the G2/M phase.

Mdm2 promotes Cdc25C protein degradation and delays cell cycle progression through the G2/M phase.
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DOI:
10.1038/onc.2017.254
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发表时间:
2017-12-07
期刊:
影响因子:
8
通讯作者:
Manfredi JJ
Manfredi JJ
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Giono LE;Resnick-Silverman L;Carvajal LA;St Clair S;Manfredi JJ

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在不同类型的应激下,编码促进有丝分裂的磷酸酶 Cdc25C 的基因会受到 p53 的转录抑制,从而导致 p53 强制执行 G2 细胞周期停滞。此外,Cdc25C 蛋白稳定性也会因 DNA 损伤而降低。 Mdm2 是另一个 p53 靶基因,编码泛素连接酶,通过泛素化负向调节 p53 水平。 siRNA 消除 Mdm2 导致 p53 蛋白增加并抑制 Cdc25C 基因表达。然而,Mdm2 耗尽后,Cdc25C 蛋白水平实际上有所增加。研究表明,Mdm2 可通过缩短 Cdc25C 蛋白的半衰期来负向调节 Cdc25C 蛋白水平,而与 p53 的存在无关。此外,Mdm2 与 Cdc25C 发生物理相互作用,并以不依赖于泛素的方式通过蛋白酶体促进其降解。 Mdm2 过表达或 Cdc25C 下调都会延迟细胞周期进展至 G2/M 期。因此,p53 对 Cdc25C 启动子的抑制,加上 p53 依赖性的 Mdm2 诱导和随后的 Cdc25C 降解,可以提供 p53 强制和维持 G2/M 细胞周期停滞的双重机制。
Upon different types of stress, the gene encoding the mitosis-promoting phosphatase Cdc25C is transcriptionally repressed by p53, contributing to p53’s enforcement of a G2 cell cycle arrest. In addition, Cdc25C protein stability is also decreased following DNA damage. Mdm2, another p53 target gene, encodes a ubiquitin ligase that negatively regulates p53 levels by ubiquitination. Ablation of Mdm2 by siRNA led to an increase in p53 protein and repression of Cdc25C gene expression. However, Cdc25C protein levels were actually increased following Mdm2 depletion. Mdm2 is shown to negatively regulate Cdc25C protein levels by reducing its half-life independently of the presence of p53. Further, Mdm2 physically interacts with Cdc25C and promotes its degradation through the proteasome in a ubiquitin-independent manner. Either Mdm2 overexpression or Cdc25C downregulation delays cell cycle progression through the G2/M phase. Thus, the repression of the Cdc25C promoter by p53, together with p53-dependent induction of Mdm2 and subsequent degradation of Cdc25C, could provide a dual mechanism by which p53 can enforce and maintain a G2/M cell cycle arrest.
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