Psychological Impact of Coronavirus Disease 2019 Among Italians During the First Week of Lockdown.
Psychological Impact of Coronavirus Disease 2019 Among Italians During the First Week of Lockdown.
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DOI：
10.3389/fpsyt.2020.576597
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发表时间：
2020
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Conversano C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Di Giuseppe M;Zilcha-Mano S;Prout TA;Perry JC;Orrù G;Conversano C
大流行和政府强制的隔离措施对心理健康产生重大影响。本研究调查了 2019 年冠状病毒病 (COVID-19) 危机在政府实施封锁的第一周对意大利居民的心理影响，以及防御机制作为抵御痛苦的保护因素的作用。在这项横断面研究中，5,683 名意大利人对一项在线调查做出了回应，该调查使用症状检查表 90 (SCL-90)、事件影响量表修订版 (IES-R) 和防御机制评级量表 - 自我报告 - 30 (DMRS-SR-30) 等经过验证的措施来评估社会人口统计、总体心理困扰、创伤后症状和防御机制。数据收集时间为 3 月 13 日至 18 日，即意大利封锁的第一周内。结果显示，年龄较小和女性与心理困扰增加有关。附近有阳性病例、封锁天数更长以及不得不搬迁也与更大的痛苦有关。较高的整体防御功能（ODF）与较低水平的抑郁（r = -.44，95% CI -0.48，-0.40）、焦虑（r = -.38，95% CI -0.42，-0.35）和创伤后应激症状（PTSS）（r = -.34，95% CI -0.38，-0.30）相关。相反，适应性防御功能较差与所有领域的更大情感困扰有关。 ODF 每增加一个单位，发生创伤后应激症状 (PTSS) 的几率就会降低 71%（比值比 = 0.29，p < 0.001，95% CI.026,.032）。在政府封锁的最初几周，COVID-19 对意大利人的心理影响是巨大的。随着疫情在全球蔓延，它继续对心理健康产生非凡的影响。鉴于防御功能在心理困扰中的重要性，考虑促进使用更具适应性的防御措施的干预措施可能是在大流行中建立抵御能力的重要组成部分。
Pandemics and government-mandated quarantining measures have a substantial impact on mental health. This study investigated the psychological impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) crisis on Italian residents during the first week of government-imposed lockdown and the role of defense mechanisms as protective factors against distress. In this cross-sectional study, 5,683 Italians responded to an online survey assessing socio-demographics, overall psychological distress, post-traumatic symptoms, and defense mechanisms using validated measures as the Symptom Checklist-90 (SCL-90), the Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R), and the Defense Mechanisms Rating Scale-Self-Report-30 (DMRS-SR-30). Data were collected from March 13 to March 18, within the first week of lockdown in Italy. Results showed that younger age and female gender were associated with increased psychological distress. Having positive cases nearby, more days on lockdown, and having to relocate were also associated with greater distress. Higher overall defensive functioning (ODF) was associated with lower levels of depression (r = −.44, 95% CI −0.48, −0.40), anxiety (r = −.38, 95% CI −0.42, −0.35), and post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) (r = −.34, 95% CI −0.38, −0.30). Conversely, less adaptive defensive functioning was related to greater affective distress across all domains. Each increased unit of ODF decreased the chances of developing post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) by 71% (odds ratio = 0.29, p < 0.001, 95% CI.026,.032). The psychological impact of COVID-19 among Italians during the early weeks of government lockdown has been significant. The pandemic continues to have extraordinary mental health impact as it moves across the globe. Given the salience of defensive functioning in psychological distress, consideration of interventions that foster the use of more adaptive defenses may be an important component of building resilience amidst a pandemic.
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