The 9E3/CEF4 gene product is a chemotactic and angiogenic factor that can initiate the wound-healing cascade in vivo.
The 9E3/CEF4 gene product is a chemotactic and angiogenic factor that can initiate the wound-healing cascade in vivo.
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9E3/CEF4 基因产物是一种趋化因子和血管生成因子，可以启动体内伤口愈合级联反应。
DOI：
10.1006/cyto.1997.0311
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发表时间：
1998
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Feugate,JE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Martins-Green,M;Feugate,JE
鸡基因9 E3/CEF 4编码属于趋化因子C-X-C家族的9-kDa蛋白。该基因被凝血酶刺激至高水平，并且在伤口的肉芽组织中过表达，特别是在新血管形成区域中，这表明它重要地参与伤口愈合。作者使用绒毛尿囊膜（CAM）测定来实验性地检查9 E3趋化因子在体内的功能。研究表明，在较低剂量下，该蛋白质对单核细胞/巨噬细胞和淋巴细胞（但不是嗜异性细胞）具有趋化性，并直接或间接刺激血管向含有该蛋白质的颗粒生长，导致CAM外胚层过度增殖，并形成类似于伤口肉芽组织的组织。然而，在更高的剂量下，它不会刺激白细胞的趋化性，而是导致CAM的血管发生发芽。还表明，这种蛋白质存在于发育中血管的内皮细胞中，但不存在于成熟血管的内皮细胞中，并且在后者中，可以通过应用引起炎症或已知为血管生成的试剂来刺激表达。由于9 E3基因的产物具有趋化和血管生成特性，因此建议将其称为鸡趋化和血管生成因子（cCAF）。这些观察结果表明，在没有创伤的情况下，cCAF本身可以启动一系列复杂的事件，这些事件与免疫应答和肉芽组织形成中所涉及的事件非常相似，这表明cCAF和相关趋化因子在伤口愈合中的重要作用。虽然这种趋化因子属于C-X-C家族，但它可以执行C-C（单核细胞/巨噬细胞和淋巴细胞的趋化性）和C-X-C（血管生成）家族的功能，这表明这可能是作为对紧急情况的响应而产生的功能更广泛的趋化因子家族中的第一个。
The chicken gene 9E3/CEF4 codes for a 9-kDa protein that belongs to the C–X–C family of chemokines. This gene is stimulated to high levels by thrombin, and is overexpressed in the granulation tissue of wounds, especially in areas of neovascularization, suggesting that it is importantly involved in wound healing. The authors used the Chorioallantoic Membrane (CAM) assay to examine experimentally the functions of the 9E3 chemokine in vivo. It was shown that at lower doses this protein is chemotactic for monocyte/macrophages and lymphocytes (but not heterophils), and directly or indirectly stimulates the growth of blood vessels towards the pellet containing the protein, causes hyperproliferation of the ectoderm of the CAM, and formation of a tissue that resembles the granulation tissue of wounds. At higher doses, however, it does not stimulate chemotaxis of leukocytes but instead causes the blood vessels of the CAM to undergo sprouting. It was also shown that this protein is found in the endothelial cells of developing blood vessels but not in those of mature blood vessels and that, in the latter, expression can be stimulated by application of agents that cause inflammation or are known to be angiogenic. Because the product of the 9E3 gene has chemotactic and angiogenic properties, it is proposed that it be called the chicken Chemotactic and Angiogenic Factor (cCAF). These observations show that in the absence of wounding, cCAF, by itself, can initiate a complex series of events that strongly resemble those involved in the immune response and granulation tissue formation, suggesting an important role for this and related chemokines in wound healing. Although this chemokine belongs to the C–X–C family it can perform functions of both the C–C (chemotaxis for monocyte/macrophages and lymphocytes) and C–X–C (angiogenesis) families, suggesting that this could be the first of a functionally broader family of chemokines which would be generated as a response to emergency situations.