Hyperactive boys almost grown up. IV. Criminality and its relationship to psychiatric status.
Hyperactive boys almost grown up. IV. Criminality and its relationship to psychiatric status.
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DOI：
10.1001/archpsyc.1989.01810120015004
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发表时间：
1989-12
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
S. Mannuzza;R. Klein;P. Konig;Tina L. Giampino
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
S. Mannuzza;R. Klein;P. Konig;Tina L. Giampino
一些人认为，注意力缺陷障碍伴多动症是反社会人格障碍和犯罪的发展前因（诱发因素）。然而，支持这种关联的证据并不一致。我们报告了一项前瞻性随访研究，对象为 103 名年龄在 6 至 12 岁之间被诊断为多动症（注意力缺陷障碍伴多动症）的男性（年龄 16 至 23 岁）和 100 名正常对照。获得了随访期间居住在纽约州的所有受试者的官方逮捕记录。 98% 的初始队列患者在随访时进行了盲目诊断（基于对受试者及其父母的结构化访谈）。尽管其他调查人员在前瞻性设计中报告了多动儿童的犯罪行为，但据我们所知，此前尚未根据官方逮捕记录对后续精神状态进行研究。被捕（39% vs 20%）、定罪（28% vs 11%）和监禁（9% vs 1%）的先证者明显多于对照组。成年早期反社会/行为障碍的存在几乎完全解释了以前多动儿童犯罪活动风险增加的原因，无论是否伴有药物滥用障碍。随访时持续注意力缺陷障碍伴多动症本身与逮捕史无关。研究结果支持这样的观点，即儿童注意力缺陷障碍伴多动症是日后犯罪的一个危险因素，但这种关系几乎完全是由成年早期反社会障碍的发展所介导的。
Attention-deficit disorder with hyperactivity is believed, by some, to be a developmental antecedent (predisposing factor) to antisocial personality disorder and criminality. However, evidence supporting this association has not been consistent. We report on a prospective follow-up study of 103 males (ages 16 to 23 years), who were diagnosed as hyperactive (attention-deficit disorder with hyperactivity) between ages 6 and 12 years, and 100 normal controls. The official arrest records of all subjects who resided in New York State during the follow-up interval were obtained. Blind diagnoses (based on structured interviews with subjects and their parents) were made on 98% of the initial cohort at follow-up. Although other investigators have reported on the delinquent behavior of hyperactive children in a prospective design, to our knowledge, follow-up mental status has not been studied previously in relation to official arrest records. Significantly more probands than controls had been arrested (39% vs 20%), convicted (28% vs 11%), and incarcerated (9% vs 1%). The presence of an antisocial/conduct disorder in young adulthood almost completely accounted for the increased risk for criminal activities in the former hyperactive children whether or not it was accompanied by a substance use disorder. Continuing attention-deficit disorder with hyperactivity at follow-up, by itself, was not associated with arrest history. The findings support the view that childhood attention-deficit disorder with hyperactivity is a risk factor for later criminality, but that this relationship is almost exclusively mediated by the development of an antisocial disorder in early adulthood.