Multidrug resistance and virulence genes carried by mobile genomic elements in Salmonella enterica isolated from live food animals, processed, and retail meat in North Carolina, 2018-2019
Multidrug resistance and virulence genes carried by mobile genomic elements in Salmonella enterica isolated from live food animals, processed, and retail meat in North Carolina, 2018-2019
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2022.109821
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发表时间：
2022-07-08
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Thakur, Siddhartha
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Hull, Dawn M.;Harrell, Erin;Thakur, Siddhartha
据估计，国内有100万例沙门氏菌病病例是由于食物作为接触媒介造成的。在食品安全检验局（FSIS）监管的产品中，约有36万例沙门氏菌病病例与食用肉类、家禽和蛋类产品有关。在过去几年中，在美国家禽、牛和猪生产中建立的沙门氏菌疫苗接种计划有效地降低了常见肠炎沙门氏菌血清型鼠伤寒沙门氏菌、肠炎沙门氏菌、霍乱沙门氏菌（猪）和都柏林沙门氏菌（牛）的患病率，并有证据表明对其他血清型存在交叉免疫。本研究调查了2018年1月至2019年12月在北卡罗来纳州收集的活食用动物、生产中的肉类尸体和零售肉类中的肠球菌（n = 741）。利用全基因组测序（WGS）和生物信息学技术对沙门氏菌在食品加工三个阶段的AMR谱、毒力和系统发育进行了分子表征和比较。多重耐药（MDR）质粒还含有整合酶重组酶毒力因子int，与移动整合子相关，qacE导致季氨抗性，以及不同的AMR谱。含有毒力因子int的MDR质粒IncFIB(K) _1_Kpn3_JN233704在家禽婴幼儿肠炎链球菌分离株中有51个不同的AMR谱。质粒介导的毒力因子似乎也提供了适应性优势，因为在零售肉鸡中占主导地位的肯塔基肠球菌血清型拥有质粒介导的大肠杆菌毒力基因的最大多样性，这些基因通常会受到环境压力的上调，并赋予竞争优势。移动遗传元件重组通过传播毒力因子和对临床重要抗生素的抗性基因，增加了病原体在食物链中的适应度，对人类健康构成重大威胁。
An estimated 1000,000 domestic salmonellosis cases are attributed to food as a vehicle of exposure. Among Food Safety and Inspection Service (FSIS)-regulated products, approximately 360,000 salmonellosis cases are associ-ated with consumption of meat, poultry, and egg products. Salmonella vaccination programs instituted in U.S. poultry, cattle, and swine production have effectively reduced the prevalence of common Salmonella enterica serotypes Typhimurium, Enteritidis, Choleraesuis (swine), and Dublin (cattle) in the past several years, with some evidence of cross-immunity to other serovars. This study investigated S. enterica (n = 741) from live food ani-mals, meat carcasses at production, and retail meat in North Carolina collected January 2018 to December 2019. Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) and bioinformatics were used to molecularly characterize and compare AMR profiles, virulence, and phylogeny of Salmonella at three stages of food processing. Multidrug-resistant (MDR) plasmids identified also contained the integrase recombinase virulence factor int associated with mobile inte-grons, qacE conferred quaternary ammonia resistance, and diverse AMR profiles. MDR Plasmid IncFIB(K) _1_Kpn3_JN233704, with virulence factor int had 51 different AMR profiles within poultry S. enterica Infantis isolates. Plasmid-mediated virulence factors also appear to provide a fitness advantage, as the dominant S. enterica serotype Kentucky in chicken retail meat held the greatest diversity of plasmid-mediated colicin virulence genes which are often upregulated by environmental stressors and confer a competitive advantage. Mobile genetic element recombination is increasing pathogen fitness in the food chain through the dissemination of virulence factors and resistance genes to clinically important antibiotics, posing a significant threat to human health.