Effects of acute and repeated nicotine administration on delay discounting in Lewis and Fischer 344 rats.
Effects of acute and repeated nicotine administration on delay discounting in Lewis and Fischer 344 rats.
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DOI：
10.1097/fbp.0b013e328340a050
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发表时间：
2010-12
影响因子：
1.6
通讯作者：
Diller JW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Anderson KG;Diller JW
生物学上的差异可能是冲动行为的个体差异的基础，比如选择一个更小、更直接的冲动，而不是一个更大、更延迟的冲动。反复接触滥用药物可能对这种行为产生不同的影响。为了评估尼古丁对冲动选择的急性和重复影响，在延迟折扣范例中测试了两种在冲动选择中表现出差异的大鼠。允许8只刘易斯和8只Fischer 344大鼠在立即递送一个食物颗粒和延迟后递送三个食物颗粒之间进行选择。在每一次会议中，延迟系统地增加了试验组，并且两种选择的延迟值相等（即，无差异点）被插值。尼古丁（0.1 - 1.0 mg/kg，s.c.）在急性试验阶段和重复暴露1.0 mg/kg尼古丁至少30次后重新确定各剂量效应期间，确定选择百分比和无差异点。刘易斯大鼠具有较短的无差异点（即，比Fischer 344大鼠做出更大的选择）。在刘易斯大鼠中，以0.3 mg/kg剂量和在Fischer 344大鼠中，以1.0 mg/kg剂量急性给予尼古丁增加了平均更大剂量的选择。重复暴露于尼古丁后，两种菌株的无差异点均恢复至接近基线（用药前）水平。在延迟折扣率方面观察到了应变差异，尼古丁可能会急剧减少冲动选择，但这种影响似乎并不持久。
Biological differences may underlie individual differences in impulsive behavior, such as choice for a smaller, more immediate reinforcer over a larger, more delayed reinforcer. Repeated exposure to drugs of abuse may have differing effects on such behavior. To evaluate acute and repeated effects of nicotine on impulsive choice, two strains of rats that have been shown to differ in impulsive choice were tested in a delay-discounting paradigm. Eight Lewis and eight Fischer 344 rats were allowed to choose between one food pellet delivered immediately and three food pellets delivered after a delay. The delay systematically increased in blocks of trials within each session, and the delay value at which choice for the two alternatives was equal (i.e., the indifference point) was interpolated. Effects of nicotine (0.1 – 1.0 mg/kg, s.c.) on percent choice and indifference points were determined during the acute-testing phase and during the re-determination of effects of each dose following at least 30 sessions of repeated 1.0 mg/kg nicotine exposure. Lewis rats had shorter indifference points (i.e., made fewer larger reinforcer choices) than the Fischer 344 rats. Acute nicotine administration increased mean larger-reinforcer choices at the 0.3 mg/kg dose in the Lewis rats and at the 1.0 mg/kg dose in the Fischer 344 rats. After repeated exposure to nicotine, indifference points returned to near baseline (pre-drug) levels for both strains. Strain differences were observed in rates of delay discounting and nicotine may decrease impulsive choice acutely, but this effect does not appear to be long-lasting.