The perennial organelle: assembly and disassembly of the primary cilium
The perennial organelle: assembly and disassembly of the primary cilium
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DOI：
10.1242/jcs.061093
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发表时间：
2010-02-15
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Nachury, Maxence V.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Seeley, E. Scott;Nachury, Maxence V.
初级纤毛含有不同类别的信号受体，纤毛功能障碍会导致各种发育缺陷。因此，初级纤毛被认为在感知和传递细胞信号方面起着重要作用。尽管有明确的证据表明这些细胞器随着细胞周期的进展而动态地组装和分解，但细胞周期控制初级纤毛组装和分解的机制仍然知之甚少。在这篇评论中，我们回顾了纤毛组装早期阶段的基本细胞机制，并讨论了细胞周期如何与调节程序通信。一种普遍的观点是，中介作用仅发生在退出细胞周期并进入静止或分化的细胞中。然而，这一概念与发现不一致，在发育过程中，许多活跃的增殖细胞需要纤毛介导的信号通路来指导它们的发育命运。在这里，我们通过回顾历史和当前的文献，重新评估以静止为中心的调停观点。我们讨论了大量的证据，证明纤毛实际上存在于许多增殖细胞上，并且在G1-S转变之前的短暂的中介高峰可能与进入DNA复制阶段紧密耦合。最后，我们讨论了原生纤毛的组织分布与细胞周期和细胞分裂周期之间的关系，以强调原生纤毛在抑制细胞从导致癌症的过度增殖状态中的潜在作用。
Primary cilia contain signaling receptors of diverse classes, and ciliary dysfunction results in a variety of developmental defects. Thus, primary cilia are thought to have an important role in sensing and transducing cellular signals. Although there is clear evidence demonstrating that these organelles are assembled and disassembled dynamically as cells progress through the cell cycle, the mechanisms by which the cell cycle controls the assembly and disassembly of the primary cilium remain poorly understood. In this Commentary, we review the basic cellular mechanisms that underlie the early stages of cilium assembly and discuss how the cell cycle communicates with the ciliation program. A commonly held view is that ciliation occurs exclusively in cells that have exited the cell cycle and entered quiescence or differentiation. However, this concept is at odds with the finding that, during development, many actively proliferating cells require cilia-mediated signaling pathways to instruct their developmental fate. Here, we reassess the quiescence-centric view of ciliation by reviewing historic and current literature. We discuss ample evidence that cilia are in fact present on many proliferating cells, and that a transient peak of ciliation before the G1-S transition might be tightly coupled to entry into the DNA replication phase. Finally, we touch on the relationship between the ciliation and cell-division cycles and the tissue distribution of primary cilia in order to highlight potential roles for the primary cilium in restraining cells from the hyperproliferative state that contributes to cancer.