A new species of Numidotherium (Mammalia: Proboscidea) from the Eocene of Libya and the early phylogeny of the Proboscidea
A new species of Numidotherium (Mammalia: Proboscidea) from the Eocene of Libya and the early phylogeny of the Proboscidea
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DOI：
10.1080/02724634.1995.10011254
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发表时间：
1995-09-01
影响因子：
1.4
通讯作者：
Court, N
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Court, N
在利比亚南部Dor el Talha的始新世晚期采集的长鼻兽标本被认为包括两个Barytherium属的物种，一个大型物种可与埃及Fayum的Barytherium坟墓相联系，另一个小型物种未被描述。对利比亚的小型标本的研究表明，该标本更适合归入Numidotherium属，并建立了Numidotherium savagei新种。numidothere解剖学知识的最新进展，然后分析在一个分支治疗的基础proboscidean属使用牙齿，颅骨，和postcranial数据。所产生的系统发育假说不同于以往的分析，在相对定位的Numidotherium和Moeritherium。颅，牙齿和颅后解剖方面显示出原始的努米多兽相对于Moeritherium和所有其他probescideans。努米多兽被认为是最少被改造的基长鼻类。传统的使用Moeritherium作为最接近的proboscidean祖先的条件在序数间系统发育分析是有缺陷的。Moeritherium是更好地处理作为一个早期专门分支的血统，导致更多的衍生，graviportal长鼻。
Proboscidean material collected from the upper Eocene of Dor el Talha, southern Libya, has been considered to include two species of the genus Barytherium, one large species referable to Barytherium grave of the Fayum, Egypt and a small undescribed species. Study of the fragmentary, small Libyan species indicates that this material is better referred to the genus Numidotherium and the new species Numidotherium savagei is erected. Recent advances in knowledge of numidothere anatomy are then analyzed in a cladistic treatment of basal proboscidean genera using dental, cranial, and postcranial data. The phylogenetic hypothesis generated differs from pervious analyses in the relative positioning of Numidotherium and Moeritherium. Aspects of cranial, dental, and postcranial anatomy are shown to be primitive in Numidotherium relative to Moeritherium and all other probescideans. Numidotherium is therefore considered to be the least transformed of basal proboscideans. The traditional use of Moeritherium as the closest approximation to the proboscidean ancestral condition in interordinal phylogenetic analysis is shown to be flawed. Moeritherium is better treated as an early specialized offshoot of the lineage leading to more derived, graviportal proboscideans.