Optimal Crop Plans for Sustainable Water Use in Punjab
Optimal Crop Plans for Sustainable Water Use in Punjab
复制标题
旁遮普邦可持续用水的最佳作物计划
DOI：
10.22004/ag.econ.96936
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发表时间：
2010
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
K. Vatta
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Baljinder Kaur;R. Sidhu;K. Vatta
制定了线性规划模型，以建议最佳种植模式，以最大化净回报并确保显着节约地下水，以维持旁遮普农业中的地下水利用。 “2002-03 年旁遮普邦主要作物种植成本综合研究计划”项目获得的主要数据涉及通过三阶段分层随机抽样技术选出的 170 名农民。由于水稻移栽期对地下水的利用量及其可持续性有重大影响，因此将水稻作物进一步划分为水稻1类（6月10日之前移植）；水稻2号（6月11日至6月20日期间移植）和水稻3号（6月20日以后移植）。在现有的可用水水平下，最佳作物计划并未显示生产模式发生任何重大变化。限制地下水的供应导致了种植模式的重大转变。这些变化可以确保地下水节省近 25%，而不会对作物生产的净回报产生任何不利影响。生产计划中引入Bt棉花等新作物，进一步提高了作物生产回报约4%，同时节约了26.55%的地下水。研究表明，干湿交替、采用水稻强化栽培系统（SRI）、使用张力计和直接种植水稻是其他节水技术。
A linear programming model has been formulated to suggest the optimal cropping pattern for maximizing net returns and ensuring significant savings of groundwater with the aim of sustaining groundwater use in the Punjab agriculture. The primary data obtained from the project, “Comprehensive scheme to study the cost of cultivation of principal crops in Punjab†for the year 2002-03 pertain to 170 farmers selected through three-stage stratified random sampling technique. As the period of transplantation of paddy has a significant bearing on the amount of groundwater used and its sustainability, the paddy crop has been further classified into Paddy 1 (transplanted before 10th June); Paddy 2 (transplanted during 11th June to 20th June) and Paddy 3 (transplanted after 20th June). At the existing level of water availability, the optimal crop plan has not revealed any significant changes in the production pattern. Restricting the availability of groundwater has resulted into a major shift in the cropping pattern. Such changes could ensure groundwater savings of almost 25 per cent, without any adverse impact on the net returns from crop production. Introduction of new crops in the production plan, such as Bt cotton, has further enhanced the returns from crop production by about 4 per cent along with groundwater savings of 26.55 per cent. The study has suggested that alternate wetting and drying, adoption of system of rice intensification (SRI), use of tensiometers and direct plantation of paddy are some of the other techniques which can save water.