Role of the endothelin system in sexual dimorphism in cardiovascular and renal diseases.
Role of the endothelin system in sexual dimorphism in cardiovascular and renal diseases.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.lfs.2016.02.093
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发表时间：
2016-08-15
期刊：
影响因子：
6.1
通讯作者：
Tostes RC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gohar EY;Giachini FR;Pollock DM;Tostes RC
对男性和女性血压以及实验动物模型的流行病学研究表明，在动脉高血压的发生以及动脉高血压的各种表现方面，包括心肌梗塞、中风、视网膜病、慢性肾衰竭以及与高血压有关的疾病（如糖尿病），性别差异很大。越来越多的证据表明，内皮素（ET）系统是心血管和肾脏生理和疾病的性别差异的起源的主要参与者。ET系统的性别差异已在人类和实验动物的血管系统、心脏和肾脏中描述。本文就内皮素系统在心血管和肾脏系统中的作用作一综述。我们还更新了关于ET系统不同水平的性别差异的信息，包括合成，循环和组织水平，受体，信号通路，ET作用，以及对不同器官中有助于血压调节的拮抗剂的反应。了解动脉高血压性别差异的潜在机制可以影响治疗策略。针对性别和/或针对性别的方法可以改善心血管和肾脏疾病的治疗。本文将简要介绍ET系统在心血管和肾脏系统中的作用，并对ET系统在不同水平的性别差异进行综述，包括合成、循环和组织水平、受体、信号通路、ET作用以及对不同器官中有助于血压调节的拮抗剂的反应。
Epidemiological studies of blood pressure in men and women and in experimental animal models point to substantial sex differences in the occurrence of arterial hypertension as well as in the various manifestations of arterial hypertension, including myocardial infarction, stroke, retinopathy, chronic kidney failure, as well as hypertension-associated diseases (e.g. diabetes mellitus). Increasing evidence demonstrates that the endothelin (ET) system is a major player in the genesis of sex differences in cardiovascular and renal physiology and diseases. Sex differences in the ET system have been described in the vasculature, heart and kidney of humans and experimental animals. In the current review, we briefly describe the role of the ET system in the cardiovascular and renal systems. We also update information on sex differences at different levels of the ET system including synthesis, circulating and tissue levels, receptors, signaling pathways, ET actions, and responses to antagonists in different organs that contribute to blood pressure regulation. Knowledge of the mechanisms underlying sex differences in arterial hypertension can impact therapeutic strategies. Sex-targeted and/or sex-tailored approaches may improve treatment of cardiovascular and renal diseases. In the current review, we will briefly describe the role of the ET system in the cardiovascular and renal systems, and update information on sex differences at different levels of the ET system including synthesis, circulating and tissue levels, receptors, signaling pathways, ET actions, and responses to antagonists in different organs that contribute to blood pressure regulation.