Children's avoidance of lexical overlap: A pragmatic account
Children's avoidance of lexical overlap: A pragmatic account
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DOI：
10.1037//0012-1649.37.5.630
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发表时间：
2001-09-01
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Markson, L
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Diesendruck, G;Markson, L
当被要求寻找一个新名字的指称对象时，儿童倾向于选择一个不熟悉的对象，而不是一个熟悉的对象。这种反应被认为是儿童词义推断中某些词汇限制作用的证据。本研究在3岁儿童中对这一现象进行了语用学解释。在研究1中，孩子们对一个新的标签的指称的要求，以同样的方式，他们回应了一个新的事实的指称的要求。研究2表明，儿童认为标签是同一语言社区成员之间的共同知识。研究3表明，说话者和听话者之间的共享知识在儿童如何解释说话者的请求中起着决定性的作用。研究结果表明，3岁儿童对词汇重叠的回避并不是命名所特有的，可能源于儿童对说话者交际意图的敏感。
Children tend to choose an unfamiliar object rather than a familiar one when asked to find the referent of a novel name. This response has been taken as evidence for the operation of certain lexical constraints in children's inferences of word meanings. The present studies test an alternative-pragmatic-explanation of this phenomenon among 3-year-olds. In Study 1 children responded to a request for the referent of a novel label in the same way that they responded to a request for the referent of a novel fact. Study 2 intimated that children assume that labels are common knowledge among members of the same language community. Study 3 demonstrated that shared knowledge between a speaker and listener plays a decisive role in how children interpret a speaker's request. The findings suggest that 3-year-olds' avoidance of lexical overlap is not unique to naming and may derive from children's sensitivity to speakers' communicative intentions.