The Genetics of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
The Genetics of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
复制标题
DOI：
10.2174/157340010791196439
复制
发表时间：
2010-01-01
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Pittenger, Christopher
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bloch, Michael H.;Pittenger, Christopher
强迫症是一种精神疾病，终生患病率为 1-3%，是全世界残疾的重要原因。家庭研究表明，强迫症具有显着的遗传因素，强迫症患者的亲属患这种疾病的可能性是普通人群的 4 倍。强迫症中的连锁研究通常动力不足，未能达到全基因组显着性的统计阈值，但它们对于揭示未来候选基因研究的潜在感兴趣区域是有用的。迄今为止，强迫症的候选基因研究主要集中在涉及血清素能、多巴胺能和谷氨酸能途径的基因。这些研究大部分都没有结论，而且直到最近，无法复制才成为常态。唯一被多个群体复制的遗传关联是谷氨酸转运蛋白基因 (SLC1A1)。强迫症的全基因组关联研究正在进行中，但最终结果尚未报告。与许多其他精神疾病的研究一样，只有通过更大的合作努力，涉及更多先证者，[2]使用从流行病学人群而不是临床样本中抽取的先证者和对照，[3]对强迫症进行更精确的表型描述，[4]测量影响强迫症发病机制和严重程度的重要环境影响，才能更好地了解强迫症。
OCD is a psychiatric disorder with a lifetime prevalence of 1-3% and is a significant cause of disability worldwide. Family studies indicate that OCD has a significant hereditable component, with relatives of OCD cases being 4 times more likely to develop the disorder than the general population. Linkage studies in OCD have generally been underpowered and have failed to reach the statistical threshold for genome-wide significance, but they have nevertheless been useful for revealing potential regions of interest for future candidate gene studies. Candidate gene studies in OCD have thus far focused on genes involved in the serotonergic, dopaminergic, and glutamatergic pathways. These studies have been for the most part inconclusive, and failures to replicate have been the norm until very recently. The only genetic association replicated by multiple groups is with a glutamate transporter gene (SLC1A1). Genome-wide association studies in OCD are in progress, but final results have not yet been reported. As with the study of many other psychiatric disorders, an improved understanding of OCD will only be achieved [ 1] with larger collaborative efforts involving more probands, [2] the use of probands and controls drawn from epidemiologically-based populations rather than clinical samples, [3] developing a more precise phenotypic description of OCD and [4] measuring important environmental influences that affect OCD pathogenesis and severity.