Coherent manipulation of ultracold Rubidium

Coherent manipulation of ultracold Rubidium
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超冷铷的相干操控

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发表时间：
2009
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通讯作者：
M. Himsworth
M. Himsworth
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作者：
M. Himsworth

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平移速度可参数化的原子稠密样品的产生 微开范围内的温度已经彻底改变了光谱学领域， 计量学、量子计算和量子力学的灵敏度测试。 这种超冷温度可以通过多普勒冷却来达到，多普勒冷却使用速度敏感的 散射力这种技术依赖于具有闭合电子的原子， 在两个状态之间的跃迁，使得原子可以连续地吸收光子动量 并且不会自发衰变到暗态。很少有原子能满足这个条件 冷却分子的尝试被它们额外的自由度所抑制， 通过旋转和振动，这增加了额外状态的流形。本文叙述了相干激光原子研究的早期实验阶段 相互作用，可以用作一般的全光学方法来赋予动量 原子和分子，从而控制它们的速度。论文涵盖了 稳定的二极管激光器的构造和操作，磁光阱产生冷 样品的测试种铷和功率高，相位和强度可控 激光诱导拉曼跃迁。铷的光谱学研究及其应用 同时也讨论了多能级原子中相干拉曼相互作用的性质。实验 结果表明，5S 1/2基态之间的相干拉曼跃迁已被 以正弦平方线形和拉比翻转的形式实现。
The production of dense samples of atoms whose translational velocity can be parameterized by temperatures in the microkelvin range has revolutionized the fields of spectroscopy, metrology, quantum computing and sensitive tests of quantum mechanics. Such ultracold temperatures may be reached by Doppler cooling which uses a velocitysensitive scattering force. This technique relies upon atoms which have closed electronic transitions between two states so that the atoms may continuously absorb photon momenta and do not spontaneous decay into a dark state. Very few atoms fulfil this condition and attempts to cool molecules are inhibited by their extra degrees of freedom, via rotation and vibration, which add manifolds of extra states. This thesis describes the early experimental stages of investigation into coherent laseratom interactions which may be used as a general all-optical method to impart momentum to atoms and molecules and thus manipulate their velocity. The thesis covers the construction and operation of stable diode lasers, a magneto-optical trap to produce cold samples of the test species Rubidium and a high-power, phase and intensity, controllable laser to induce Raman transitions. Studies into the spectroscopy of Rubidium and the nature of coherent Raman interactions in multilevel atoms is also covered. Experimental results shows that coherent Raman transitions between the 5S1/2 ground states has been achieved in the form of sinc-squared lineshapes and Rabi-flopping.