STUDIES OF HUMAN ADIPOSE-TISSUE - ADIPOSE CELL SIZE AND NUMBER IN NONOBESE AND OBESE PATIENTS
STUDIES OF HUMAN ADIPOSE-TISSUE - ADIPOSE CELL SIZE AND NUMBER IN NONOBESE AND OBESE PATIENTS
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DOI：
10.1172/jci107258
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发表时间：
1973-01-01
影响因子：
15.9
通讯作者：
WEISMANN, RE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
SALANS, LB;CUSHMAN, SW;WEISMANN, RE
本文对21例非肥胖者和78例肥胖者的脂肪组织细胞特性进行了观察。每个患者的三个不同的皮下和深层脂肪储备中的脂肪细胞大小(每个细胞的脂肪)被确定，并通过将6个不同部位的脂肪细胞大小的不同组合除以全身总脂肪来估计体内的脂肪细胞总数。根据皮下脂肪和深层脂肪的不同假设分布，细胞数量也被估算出来。作为一个群体，肥胖患者的脂肪细胞比非肥胖患者大；然而，细胞大小在任何一组个体的脂肪储备中都有很大差异。细胞大小的差异不仅存在于两个部位之间，而且还存在于皮下和深层部位。因此，基于细胞大小对特定个体脂肪细胞总数的估计可能会有高达85%的差异。在这些研究的基础上，建议个人的总脂肪数量是最好和最实用的估计，此时，通过将身体总脂肪除以至少三个皮下部位的脂肪细胞大小的平均值。与估计总脂肪细胞数量的方法无关，根据这些患者脂肪组织块的细胞特征，出现两种肥胖型：增生型，脂肪细胞数量增加，正常或增大；肥大，仅细胞尺寸增大。肥胖症的这两种细胞模式与皮下和深层脂肪分布的各种假设无关。当从身体大小、身体成分以及肥胖症的程度、持续时间和年龄的不同方面来研究这些不同的细胞模式时，只有后者才能唯一地区分增生性肥胖症和肥厚性肥胖症：增生性肥胖症的特征是起病年龄早，肥胖症起病年龄晚。这些研究表明，在生命的早期有两个不同的时期，脂肪组织最有可能发生高细胞增多症：在最初的几年内非常早期，以及从9岁到13岁。
The cellular character of the adipose tissue of 21 nonobese and 78 obese patients has been examined. Adipose cell size (lipid per cell) was determined in three different subcutaneous and deep fat depots in each patient and the total number of adipose cells in the body estimated by division of total body fat by various combinations of the adipose cell sizes at six different sites. Cell number has also been estimated on the basis of various assumed distribution of total fat between the subcutaneous and deep fat depots.Obese patients, as a group, have larger adipose cells than do nonobese patients; cell size, however, varies considerably among the fat depots of individuals of either group. The variation in cell size exists not only between, but also within subcutaneous and deep sites. Estimates of total adipose cell number for a given individual based upon cell size can, therefore, vary by as much as 85%. On the basis of these studies it is suggested that the total adipose number of an individual is best and most practically estimated, at this time, by division of total body fat by the mean of the adipose cell sizes of at least three subcutaneous sites.Irrespective of the method by which total adipose cell number is estimated, two patterns of obesity emerge with respect to the cellular character of the adipose tissue mass of these patients: hyperplastic, with increased adipose cell number and normal or increased size, and hypertrophic, with increased cell size alone. These two cellular patterns of obesity are independent of a variety of assumed distributions of fat among the subcutaneous and deep depots. When these different cellular patterns are examined in terms of various aspects of body size, body composition, and the degree, duration, and age of onset of obesity, only the latter uniquely distinguishes the hyperplastic from the hypertrophic: hyperplastic obesity is characterized by an early age of onset, hypertrophic, by a late age of onset. These studies indicate that there are two distinct periods early in life during which hypercellularity of the adipose tissue are most likely to occur: very early within the first few years, and again from age 9 to 13 yr.