Prenatal stress alters microglial development and distribution in postnatal rat brain
Prenatal stress alters microglial development and distribution in postnatal rat brain
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DOI：
10.1007/s00401-009-0590-4
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发表时间：
2010-03-01
影响因子：
12.7
通讯作者：
Escobar, Alfonso
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gomez-Gonzalez, Beatriz;Escobar, Alfonso
压力会影响成年期和出生后早期的小胶质细胞功能和生存能力;然而，目前尚不清楚对怀孕母体的压力是否会改变后代的小胶质细胞。本研究以Wistar大鼠为研究对象，探讨了产前应激对出生后脑内小胶质细胞发育和分布的影响。由20分钟的强迫游泳组成的产前应激发生在胚胎第10-20天。在出生后第1天和第10天，处死应激和对照幼仔。使用Griffonia simplicifolia凝集素鉴定小胶质细胞，并在整个脑中定量。此外，血浆皮质酮测定母鼠在胚胎第20天，并在出生后第1和10天的幼崽。出生后第1天，与对照组相比，应激组大鼠顶叶、内嗅和额叶皮质、隔、基底节、丘脑、延髓和内囊中分支小胶质细胞数量增加，但变形小胶质细胞和胼胝体中小胶质细胞总数减少。到出生后第10天，有没有差异的形态类型或分布的小胶质细胞之间的产前压力和对照组，除了在胼胝体，产前压力减少了分支的小胶质细胞的数量。与同龄对照组相比，应激过程有效地使胚胎20天的孕鼠血浆皮质酮水平升高。产前应激减少了未成熟小胶质细胞的数量，并促进了小胶质细胞向分枝形式的加速分化。这些发现可能与妊娠母鼠血浆皮质酮升高有关。
Stress affects microglial function and viability during adulthood and early postnatal life; however, it is unknown whether stress to the pregnant dam might alter offspring microglia. The effects of prenatal stress on microglial development and distribution in the postnatal brain were studied using Wistar rats. Prenatal stress consisting of 20 min of forced swimming occurred on embryonic days 10-20. On postnatal days 1 and 10, stressed and control pups were killed. Microglia were identified using Griffonia simplicifolia lectin and quantified in the whole encephalon. In addition, plasma corticosterone was measured in dams at embryonic day 20, and in pups on postnatal days 1 and 10. At postnatal day 1, there was an increase in number of ramified microglia in the parietal, entorhinal and frontal cortices, septum, basal ganglia, thalamus, medulla oblongata and internal capsule in the stressed pups as compared to controls, but also there was a reduction of amoeboid microglia and the total number of microglia in the corpus callosum. By postnatal day 10, there were no differences in the morphologic type or the distribution of microglia between the prenatal stress and control groups, except in the corpus callosum; where prenatal stress decreased the number of ramified microglia. The stress procedure was effective in producing plasma rise in corticosterone levels of pregnant rats at embryonic day 20 when compared to same age controls. Prenatal stress reduced the number of immature microglia and promoted an accelerated microglial differentiation into a ramified form. These findings may be related to an increase in plasma corticosterone in the pregnant dam.