Social impairment in schizophrenia: new approaches for treating a persistent problem.
Social impairment in schizophrenia: new approaches for treating a persistent problem.
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DOI：
10.1097/yco.0000000000000154
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发表时间：
2015-05
影响因子：
6.9
通讯作者：
Hooker CI
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dodell-Feder D;Tully LM;Hooker CI
社会认知缺陷是精神分裂症社会功能的一个重要决定因素，这是尽管接受治疗但仍持续存在的疾病的核心特征。基于神经可塑性的疗法的最新研究表明，支持核心认知技能的神经系统在有针对性的认知训练后得到改善，这表明社会认知和伴随的社会功能可以通过靶向支持社会认知的神经系统来改善。然而，这种方法的成功取决于社会大脑的可塑性。我们回顾了训练计划的神经效应，重点是改善健康，精神分裂症和其他临床样本的社会认知。目前的文献表明，社会认知的神经机制表现出行为训练后的神经可塑性变化，这些神经变化赋予社会认知和社会行为的共同利益。大多数精神分裂症的研究都集中在情绪识别上，虽然情绪识别训练对精神分裂症有行为和神经方面的好处，但需要检查更高级的社会认知过程。这些数据表明，通过以社会为中心的行为干预来靶向社会认知的神经系统可能会改善精神分裂症的社会功能障碍。在如何优化培训方面仍然存在问题，应在今后的工作中加以解决。
Deficits in social cognition are an important determinant of social functioning in schizophrenia, a core feature of the illness that persists despite treatment. Recent research in neuroplasticity-based therapeutics show that neural systems supporting core cognitive skills improve after targeted cognitive training, suggesting that social cognition, and concomitant social functioning, may be improved by targeting the neural systems supporting social cognition. However, the success of this approach depends on the extent to which the social brain is malleable. We review the neural effects of training programs focused on improving social cognition in healthy, schizophrenia, and other clinical samples. The current literature suggests that the neural mechanisms underlying social cognition show neuroplastic changes after behavioral training and these neural changes confer concomitant benefits to social cognition and social behavior. Most research in schizophrenia has focused on emotion recognition, and while emotion recognition training has behavioral and neural benefits for schizophrenia, more advanced social cognitive processes need to be examined. The data suggest that targeting neural systems underlying social cognition through socially-focused behavioral interventions may improve social functioning impairments in schizophrenia. Questions remain regarding how to optimize training, which should be addressed in future work.