Increased selection response in larger populations. II. Selection for ethanol vapor resistance in Drosophila melanogaster at two population sizes.
Increased selection response in larger populations. II. Selection for ethanol vapor resistance in Drosophila melanogaster at two population sizes.
复制标题
在较大人群中增加选择反应。
DOI：
10.1093/genetics/125.3.585
复制
发表时间：
1990
期刊：
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Diggins,LT
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Weber,KE;Diggins,LT
大人口规模的选择反应的影响进行了研究，使用果蝇，与四个“小”线的160个选择的父母/代相比，两个“大”线的1600个选择的父母/代。在相似条件下以约0.55标准偏差的选择强度选择所有品系，共65代，以增加乙醇蒸汽抗性（以变得麻醉所需的分钟测量）。还保持了两个320个亲本/世代的双杂交对照系。最终处理的平均值和标准误差分别为：27.91 +/- 1.28 min（两条"大“线）; 19.40 +/- 1.54 min（四条"小”线）; 4.98 +/- 0.35 min（两条对照线）。为了估计该性状的突变率，选择了约400个选择的亲本的两个等基因系29代。每一代的平均增加的加性遗传方差是0.0009倍的远交系的初始环境方差。这与其他报道的突变率相当。突变可以解释处理之间的进化抗性差异的一部分，但似乎即使在相当大的群体规模，可以在较大的远交系中获得长期反应的较大差异，从初始遗传变异的更完整的利用。
The effect of large population size on selection response was investigated using Drosophila melanogaster, with four ``small'' lines of 160 selected parents/generation compared to two ``large'' lines of 1600 selected parents/generation. All lines were selected under similar conditions at a selection intensity of approximately 0.55 standard deviations, for 65 generations, for increased ethanol vapor resistance (measured in minutes required to become anesthetized). Two unselected control lines of 320 parents/generation were also maintained. A significant effect of population size was found. The final treatment means and standard errors were: 27.91 +/- 1.28 min (two ``large'' lines); 19.40 +/- 1.54 min (four ``small'' lines); and 4.98 +/- 0.35 min (two control lines). To estimate the mutation rate for the trait, two isogenic lines of about 400 selected parents were selected for 29 generations. The mean increase in additive genetic variance per generation was 0.0009 times the initial environmental variance of the outbred lines. This is comparable to other reported mutation rates. Mutation can explain part of the difference in evolved resistance between treatments, but it appears that even at rather large population sizes, a large difference in long-term response can be obtained in larger outbred lines, from more complete utilization of the initial genetic variation.